DILLENIACEAE 331 



In open waste places, fl. most of the year, common and widely distributed 

 in the Philippines, certainly introduced. Tropics generally, but probably 

 of American origin. 



87; DILLENIACEAE (Dillenia OR Catmon Family) 



Shrubs or trees, sometimes climbing. Leaves alternate, simple, entire 

 or toothed, the petioles often sheathing, exstipulate. Flowers small or 

 large, regular, perfect. Sepals 5, persistent. Petals 5, rarely less, decid- 

 uous. Stamens many, hypogynous. Carpels 1 or more, free or cohering; 

 styles distinct; ovules 1 to many. Fruit fleshy, indehiscent, or dry and 

 follicular. Seeds solitary or many, arillate. 



Genera 13, species about 325 in tropical and subtropical regions, 3 genera 

 and about 80 species in the Philippines. 



Scandent shrubs with small flowers 1. Tetracera 



Trees with large flowers 2. Dillenia 



1. TETRACERA Linnaeus 



Climbing shrubs, the leaves scabrid or smooth, the veins parallel, prom- 

 inent. Flowers white, perfect, many, in terminal or lateral -panicles. 

 Sepals 4 to 6. Petals 2 to 6. Filaments dilated upward. Ovary of from 

 1 to 6 carpels, ovules 2 to many in each. Fruit a small, ovoid, coriaceous 

 follicle. Seeds 1 to 5, the aril toothed or fimbriate. (Greek "four" and 

 "horn" from supposed resemblance of the fruit.) 



Species about 25, 2 or 3 in the Philippines. 



1. T. sarmentosa (L.) Vahl. Malacatmon (Tag.). 



A climbing vine 3 t<J 5 m or more in length. Leaves oblong-obovate to 

 oblong-elliptic, coriaceous, harsh, acute or obtuse, 6 to 12 cni longy the 

 nerves very prominent, toothed. Panicles terminal and axillary, 10 to 25 

 cm long. Flowers numerous, white, about 8 mm in diameter. Carpel sol- 

 itary. Follicle oblong-ovoid, pointed, nearly 1 cm long, 1-seeded, hirsute, 

 the aril cupular, toothed. (Fl. Filip. pi. 190, Delima sarmentosa.). 



In thickets. La Loma to Masambong, fl. May-June; widely distributed 

 in the Philippines. India to Malaya. 



2. DILLENIA Linnaeus 



Trees with large, ovate to oblong, alternate, prominently pinnately 

 nerved, toothed leaves, the petioles usually with broad, adherent, deciduous, 

 wing-like stipules. Flowers large, solitary, or in few-flowered, terminal, 

 spicate or racemose, simple or sparingly branched inflorescences. Sepals 

 5, spreading. Petals 6, thin, white or yellow, much larger than the sepals. 

 Stamens very numerous, in several series, free or nearly so. Carpels 5 to 

 20, cohering in the axils or nearly free; ovules few to many. Fruit globose, 

 fleshy, spirally ridged, enclosed in the thickened sepals, or of indehiscent 

 or dehiscent follicle-like carpels. Seeds arillate or not. (In honor of J. J. 

 Dillenius, an early English botanist.) 



Species about 25, tropical Asia and Malaya, few in Madagascar, about 

 6 in the Philippines. 



1. D. phillpplnensis Eolfe. Catmon (Tag., Vis., Bic.) ; Palali (II.). 



A tree 6 to 15 m high, glabrous or nearly so. Leaves coriaceous, shining, 



ovate, elliptic, or oblong-ovate, 12 to 25 cm long, carsely toothed. Flowers 



■laroe, showy, about 15 cm in diameter, the petals white, stamens and 



