UMBELLIFERAE 359 



107. UMBELLIFERAE (Pabsley OR Anis Family) 



Erect or prostrate often aroiriatic or rank scented herbs, the leaves 

 alternate, simple and toothed or lobed, or compound, variously divided or 

 dissected, the petioles often sheathing at the base. Flowers small, perfect 

 or polygamous in compound or simple axillary or terminal umbels. Calyx- 

 tube adnate to the ovary; limb non6 or 5-toothed. Petals 5, epigynous, 

 imbricate or valvate. Stamens 5, epyginous. Ovary inferior, 2-celled, cells 

 1-ovuled. Fruit of 2, indehiscent, dorsally or laterally compressed carpels, 

 separating by a joint or seam, the carpels with 5 primary ridges, 1 dorsal, 

 2 lateral, and 2 intermediate, often with additional intermediate ones. 



Genera 267, species over 2,500, in all parts of the world, 8 ganera and 

 12 to 15 species in the Philippines, mostly introduced. 



In addition to the species considered below, the following are cultivated 

 by Chinese gardeners for the Manila market: Carum petroselinum Benth. 

 & Hook, f.. Parsley (Sp. perejil) ; Daueua carota L., Carrot (Sp. zanahoria) ; 

 Apium graveolene L., Celery (Sp. apio) ; said Coriandrwm sativum L. Co- 

 riander .(Sp. culantro, Chinese ongsoy). Mature specimens of some are 

 rarely found, and others do not attain maturity here. 



1. Erect aromatic herbs with compound terminal umbels and 2- to 4-pin- 



nate leaves, the se^ents filiform 1. Foenieuium 



1. Prostrate herbs with simple leaves and small, axillary, simple, subcapitate 

 umbels. 



2. Petals valvate; carpels not reticulate, vrith 3 ridges 2. Hydroeotyle 



2. Petals imbricate; carpels reticulate, with 5 ridges _ 8. Centella 



1. FOENICULUM Adanson 



Glabrous, tall, aromatic, biennial or perennial herbs. Leaves 2- to 4- 

 pinnate, the segments filiform. Flowers yellow, in ample, peduncled umbels, 

 the bracts and bracteoles none. Calyx truncate. Petals incurved, emar- 

 ginate. Fruit oblong or ellipsoid, the ribs prominent subequal. Seeds some- 

 what dorsally compressed, the inner face somewhat concave. (The ancient 

 Latin name.) 



Species 3 or 4, Europe to western Asia, 1 widely cultivated. 



♦1. F. VULGARE Gaertn. Haras (Tag.); Anis (Sp.) ; Fennel. 



Erect, glabrous, often 1 m or more in height, somewhat glaucus. Leaves 

 about 20 cm long, the segments filiform, 2 to 4 cm long. Umbels 5 to 10 

 cm in -diameter, the rays 8 to 15, 2 to 3 cm long, longer in fruit, each 

 with 20 to 30, pedicelled, yellow fipwers. Fruit very aromatic, about 5 

 mm long. 



Occasionally cultivated, not spontaneous, fi. Oct.-May, and probably in 

 other months. A native of Europe, now cultivated or wild in most tem- 

 perate and tropical countries. 



2. HYDROCOTYLE Linnaeus 



Prostrate herbs rooting at the nodes. Leaves reniform or rounded, 

 toothed or palmately lobed, long-petioled. Umbels simple, small, axillary,! 

 sessile or pedicellate, often dense and capitate. Flowers small, the bracts 

 small or none. Calyx-teeth none or very small. Petals entire, acute, 



