398 ^ FLORA OF MANILA 



the back. Fruit enclosed by the calyx, the nutlets about 5 mm long, their 

 inner faces rugo&e. 



In waste places, cultivated lands, etc., occasional, fl. July-Jan.; local in 

 the Philippines and undoubtedly introduced. India to Persia and Mauritius. 



2. T. ZEYLANICUM (L.) R. Br. 



An erect, branched, pubescent and hirsute, annual herb 30 to 70 cm high. 

 Leaves oblong to lanceolate, 5 to 12 cm long, shortly petioled, narrowed at 

 the acute base, obtuse to slightly acuminate, the upper ones much reduced, 

 bristly-hairy, the hairs springing from tubercles on the upper surface, the 

 lower surf ace pubescent and with longer hairs on the nerves. Flowers long- 

 pedicelled, in axillary and terminal racemes forming a leafy panicle. Calyx 

 densely pubescent, about 1 cm long in flower", the sepals increasing in size 

 and surrounding fruit, rounded or acute at the base, acuminate. Corolla 

 pale-blue, about 1.3 cm in diameter. 



Occasional in open waste places, fallow lands, etc., fl. March-June; widely 

 distributed in Luzon, but certainly introduced here. India to the Mas- 

 carene Islands through Malaya to Australia. 



6. GOLDEN lA Linnaeus 



Prostrate scabrous herbs with alternate, crisped leaves. Flowers small, 

 axillary, sessile, solitary, or the upper ones in a short, one-sided, leafy 

 spike. Sepals 4 or 5. Corolla-tube short, the lobes 4 or 5, spreading, 

 imbricate in bud. Stamens as many as the corolla-lobes, inserted on the 

 tube. Ovary 2-celled, cells 2-ovuled, or nearly 4-celled. Style terminal, 

 bifid. Fruit nearly dry, of 4, subconnate, 1-seeded pyrenes. (In honor of 

 C. Golden, lieutenant-governor of New York, a correspondent of Linnaeus.) 



Species about 11, all tropical American, except the /oUowing widely 

 distributed one. , 



1. C. PROCUMBENS L. 



An- annual, pubescent herb, the branches procumbent, spreading flat on 

 the £fround, up to 25 cm in length. Leaves elliptic to oblong-obovate, the 

 nerves deeply impressed, obtuse, coarsely crenate, base very strongly 

 inequilateral, 1.5 to 2.5 cm long. Flowers white, small. Pyrenes slightly, 

 muricate, subconnate into an acute, 4-ribbed, conical fruit 3 to 4 mm in 

 diameter. 



In open dry waste places. La Loma, fl. Dec.-Feb.; widely distributed in 

 the Philippines, but of local occurrence in and about towns, and certfunly 

 introduced. All tropical countries; probably a native of tropical America. 



121. VERBENACEAE (VERBENA or MOLAVE FAMILY) 



Herbs, vihes, shrubs, or trees, with opposite, simple. or digitate leaves, the 

 stipules none. Inflorescence axillary or terminal, spicate, racemose or 

 cymose, the cymes often arranged in panicles, the bracts small to large. 

 Calyx sometimes accrescent, 4- or 5-toothed or truncate, teeth rarely more 

 numerous. Corolla-tube long or short, usually cylindric, the limb 2-lipped 

 or snbequally 4- or 5-, rarely many-lobed. Stamens 4, in 2 unequal pairs, 

 sometimes equal and 5 or 6 or more. Ovary superior, free, usually of 2 

 carpels, 2- to 8-celled or sub-1-celled, entire or 4-lobed. Fruit drupaceous 

 or capsular, 1- to 4-ceIled, the cells 1-seeded. 



Genera 77, species about 900, chiefly tropical, in both hemispheres, 15 

 genera and about 90 species in the Philippines. 



