SUKurjtiuLiARIACEAE 425 



3. V. Crustacea (L.) Benth. 



A diffusely branched, glabrous, suberecj; or spreading annual 8 to 20 cm 

 high. Leaves ovate, acute or obtuse, distantly serrate, shprt-petioled, 8 

 to 15 mm long. Flov/ers axillary, solitary, or the upper ones subrace- 

 mose, the pedicels 1 to 3 cm long. Calyx green or purplish, 4 to 5 mm 

 long, the lobes acute, about 1.5 mm long. Corolla about 9 mm long, purple. 

 Capsule- oblong-ovate to ellipsoid, 5 to 6 mm long, included in and about 

 as long as the persistent calyx. 



In open grass lands, waste places, etc., fl. all the year; common and 

 widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropics of the Old World, intro- 

 duced in tropical America. 



4. V. cordifolia (Colsm.) G. Don (V.pedunculata Benth.). 



A slender, glabrous, simple or slightly branched plant, the stems pros- 

 trate below, 10 to 30 cm in length, the flowering branches ascending. 

 Leaves sessile or shortly petioled, ovate, acute or obtuse, base cordate, 

 margins slightly toothed, 1 to 2 cm long. Pedicels axillary, solitary, longer 

 than the leaves, also frequently in terminal racemes. Calyx green, about 

 6 mm long. Corolla pink or purplish, about 8 mm long. Capsule cylin- 

 dric, oblong-lanceolate, tipped by the style, about twice as long as the calyx- 

 segments. 



In open damp grass lands, occasional, fl. Sept.-Dec.; widely distributed 

 in Luzon. India to southern" China, Malay Peninsula, and Borneo. 



9. TOR EN I A Linnaeus 



Annual, erect or prostrate, usually branched, glabrous or pubescent 

 herbs. Leaves opposite, entire, crenate, or serrate. Flowers small to 

 large, axillary and solitary, or in terminal, often leafy racemes, the pedicels 

 ebracteolate. Calyx tubular, 3- to 5-winged, plaited, or keeled, 2-lipped 

 or 3- to 5-toothed. Corolla-tube cylindric, dilated above, the upper lip con- 

 cave, notched or. 2-fid, the lower one larger^ spreading, 3-lobed. Stamens 

 4, in 2 pairs, the 2 upper ones included, the 2 lower appendaged at the 

 base an4 conniving under the. upper lip; anthers touching or cohering in 

 pairs. Capsule linear or oblong, included, the valves -separating from the 

 axis. (Named after 0. Toren, a clergyman who travelled in China.) 



Species about 30, mostly in tropical Asia and Africa, 3 in the Philippines. 



* L T. CONCOLOR Lindl. 



An erect, branched, sparingly pubescent, annual herb 10 to 30 cm high, 

 the stems 4-angled. Leaves' ovate, acute or acuminate, toothed, 1 to 3 cm 

 long. Flowers in terminal few»flp^ered racemes or solitary in the upper 

 axils. Calyx green, ovoid, about 1.5 cm long, prominently 5-winged. Co- 

 rolla 2,5 to 3 cm long, violet-purple, the lower lip deep-black-purple and with 

 a large yellow spot. 



Somewhat cultivated, fl. Dec-March. A native of southern China, of 

 comparatively recent introduction here. 



10. BONNAYA Link & Otto 



Slender, prostrate or ascending, annual, glabrous herbs. Leaves oppo- 

 site, penninerved, entire or serrate. Flowers solitary, axillary, or the 

 upper ones opposite and subracemose. Calyx-segments 5, narrow. Corolla- 

 tube cylindric, the upper lip broad, concave, 2-fid, the lower spreading, 3- 

 lobed. Perfect stamens 2, not exserted; anthers touching, their cells di- 



