RUBIACEAE 449 



6, GARDENIA Linnaeus 



Erect shrubs or trees, sometimes spiny. Leaves opposite. Flowers 

 often large and showy, fragrant, white, axillary or terminal, solitary or 

 fascicled. Calyx-tube truncate, toothed^ or lobed, sometimes winged. 

 Corolla-tube long or short, cylindric or narrowly funnel-shaped, the lobes 



5 to 12, spreading. Stamens as many as the corolla-lobes. Anthers linear, 

 sessile. Ovary 1-celled; style stout, clavate, fusiform, or 2-cleft; ovules 

 numerous on parietal placentae. Fruit ovoid, ellipsoid, or globose, coria- 

 ceous or fleshy, many-seeded. (In honor of A. Garden, an English 

 physician.) 



Species 60 or more, tropical and subtropical, about 5 in the Philippines. 



*1. G. FLORIDA L. Rosal (Sp.-Fil.). 



A glabrous, unarmed shrub usually about 1 m high. Leaves elliptic- 

 ovate, narrowed at both ends, usually acute, shining, short-petioled, 2 to 



6 cm long. Flowers large, very fragrant, solitary in the upper axils. 

 Calyx green, the tube funnel-shaped, about 1.5 cm long, 5-angled or winged, 

 the lobes linear, about as long as the tube. Corolla usually double, white, 

 soon turning yellowish, about 5 cm long, 5 to 7 cm wide. (Fl. Filip. pi. 15i.) 



Commonly cultivated for its fragrant flowers, fl. June-Dec. A native 

 of China and Japan, now widely cultivated in warm and tropical countries. 



7. RANDIA Linnaeus 



Shrubs or trees, sometimes climbing, often spiny. Leaves opposite, with 

 one sometimes arrested; stipules short, free or connate. Inflorescence va- 

 rious, axillary, leaf-opposed, or terminal, the flowers sometimes solitary. 

 Calyx-tube various, the limb often tubular, the lobes short or long, often 

 leafy. Corolla funnel-shaped to bell-shaped; the tube long or short, throat 

 glabrous or hairy; lobes 5, twisted in bud. Stamens 5, alternating with 

 the lobes. Ovary 2-celled, rarely with 3 or 4 cells; style short or elongated; 

 stigma usually fusiform; ovules many. Fruit fleshy, globose to ellipsoid, 

 2-celled, many-seeded. (In honor of Isaac Rand.) 



Species 100 or more, all tropical, about 14 in the Philippines. 



Spiny; flowers solitary.: 1. R. spinosa 



Unarmed; flowers cymose 2. R. xiumingiana 



* 1. R. SPINOSA (Thunb.) Blume {R. dumetorum Lam.). 



An erect, branched shrub or small tree, up to 4 m in height, the branch- 

 lets pubescent, the branches armed with straight, sharp, often stout, spread- 

 ing spines 1 to 1.5 cm long. Leaves obovate to oblong-obovate, glabrous 

 or nearly so, 3 to 10 cm long. Flowers solitary, terminal, the calyx 

 green, pubescent, cylindric, its lobes ovate, spreading, 5 mm long. Corolla 

 white, soon turning yellowish, its tube about as long as the calyx, limb 

 spreading, 1.5 to 1.8 cm in diameter. Fruit globose of ovoid, 1.5 to 2 

 cm long, many-seeded. 



Cultivated, Singalon, fl. Feb., and probably in other months; of recent 

 introduction here. Widely distributed in tropical Africa, Asia, and Ma- 

 laya, often, perhaps, only cultivated. 



2. R. cumingiana Vid. 



A glabrous unarmed shrub or small tree 3 to 6 m high. Leaves oblong- 

 ovate, acuminate, base acute, 6 to 11 cm long. Cymes axillary, about 3 



1116B6 ^29 



