GAMOPETAL^— COMPOSITE 163 



when flowering and fruiting. Flower (fig. 202) median- 

 zygomorphic, ^ , cyclic, epigynous, yellow. Calyx, repre- 

 sented by a circlet of silky hairs forming the pappus 

 {pp). Petals five, combined to form a corolla con- 

 sisting of a short tube {cf), which expands on the anterior 

 (outer) side into a strap-shaped lower lip {cor). The 

 strap has five teeth at its termination, ^|^ 



and thus shows that the corolla con- ^' 



sists of five joined petals. In the ^ .- ^ ^ 



central flowers of the capitulum the 

 lower face of the strap is coloured /"/ 

 like the upper face; but the lower y ' 

 face of the strap of the marginal < 

 flowers is of a darker tint than is ' 

 the upper face. Stamens {an, fi) five, 

 inserted on the corolla-tube ; the five 

 anthers {an) united to form a tube 

 round the style. The anthers dehisce 

 marginally in such a manner that the 

 pollen is poured out towards the style, „. ^T , j. 



K ,,.^ .. T-«T_iL F>g- 203. — Floral diagram 



thus dehiscence is introrse. liach lobe of Dandelion, 



of the anther has a small pointed tooth- 

 like process from its lower end : the connective is also con- 

 tinued upwards to form a membranous curtain. The filaments 

 {fi) are separate. Carpels two, syncarpous, inferior. Ovary 

 {ov) one-chambered, with one basal ovule {0) standing up 

 from the floor of the chamber. Style {sy) single, but forked 

 above to form two branches bearing the stigmas {sg). The 

 stigmas only line the upper faces of the two branches of the 

 style. The circumstance that the style has two branches 

 serves to denote that the gynsecium does not consist of one 

 carpel only, but is constituted of two carpels and is syncarpous. 

 Especially worthy of note are the hairs on the upper part of 

 the style and on the lower (outer) parts of the branches of the 

 style. Nectary {n) a ring-like disk round the base of the 

 style. Fruit (fig. 129, left-hand). — The fruit is one-seeded 

 and indehiscent (achene), and is surmounted by a long beak 

 bearing a circlet of many silky hairs forming the pappus. If 

 the pappus be regarded as a calyx, the fruit consists of an 

 inferior ovary (with receptacle) and a persistent calyx (pappus). 

 We note that the fruits together form a capitulum of fruits 



