FLOWER 235 



ANDRCECIUM. 



XXXI. Male parts or organs of a flower= stamens. 



XXXII. Number of stamens. — laostemonous = equal in number to a 

 single whorl of the perianth. Diplosteinonous= having twice as many 

 stamens as there are members in one whorl of the perianth, and the 

 stamens alternating correctly. Mon-, di-, tri-, pent-, dec-, or poly- 

 androus = having one, two, three, four, five, ten, or indefinite (more than 

 twelve) stamens respectively in a flower. 



XXXIII. Length of the filaments. — Included = with the anthers not 

 reaching beyond the corolla. Exserted = with the anthers protruding 

 beyond the corolla or corolla-tube. Decimate = with the stamens ex- 

 serted and all bent to one side. Didynamous = when the androecium 

 consists of four stamens, two of which have longer filaments than the 

 other two. Tetradynamous = when the androecium consists of six 

 stamens of which four have longer filaments than the other two. 



XXXIV. Cohesion. — Mon-, di-, tri-, or poly -adelphous = with the fila- 

 ments united to form one, two, three, or many bundles respectively. 

 Syngeneslous = with the anthers combined. 



XXXV. Anther. — Cells = the chambers of the mature anther. Quadri- 

 locular=four-celled, when the four pollen-sacs remain distinct in the ripe 

 anther. Bilocular= two-celled, when two cells are formed by the fusion 

 in pairs of the four pollen-sacs. Unilocular = one-celled, usually because 

 only half the anther is present and its two pollen-sacs combine. Tlieca = 

 anther-lobe. DitUeoous = with two lobes, therefore being a, complete 

 anther. Monotlieoous=with one anther-lobe, therefore representing only 

 half an anther. Dimidiate = having only one lobe, because the other 

 is suppressed or nearly so. Adnate = dorsifixed = when the direct con- 

 tinuation of the filament appears to run up the whole length of the anterior 

 or posterior surface of the anther : the anther is therefore either introrse or 

 extrorse in insertion. Innate =ljasifixed = when the continuation of the 

 filament appears to run up the centre of the anther, and the anther seems 

 to constitute the actual end of the stamen : dehiscence is usually marginal. 

 Versatile = when the anther is attached to the filament only at a single 

 point so that it can swing freely. Apicifixed = suspended = when the 

 anther hangs so as to appear to be fixed by its top to the filament. The 

 direction of the two anther-cells or two anther-lobes is either parallel or 

 diverging at an angle. Divaricate = when the two lobes diverge so much 

 that they appear to be placed end to end. Didymous = when the two lobes 

 combine at a point above their middle. Two-horned = when the two erect 

 anther-lobes diverge above. Sagittate = when the anther-lobes diverge 

 below so that the anther is shaped like an arrow-head. Appeudiculate = 

 bearing appendages. Sutural dehiscence = longitudinal dehiscence. Oper- 

 cular dehiscence = valvular dehiscence. 



GYN^CIUM. 



XXXVI. Pistil = gyneecium : in some books, however, the term pistil is 

 used to denote a single ovary with a style and, stigma, in which case the 

 Buttercup-flower, for instance, has a number of pistils. Female parts or 

 organs of a flower = carpels. Mono-, bi-, tri-, and poly-carpellary = 

 gynsecium consisting of one, two, three, and many carpels respectively. 



