VARIOUS PARTS 237 



as being the ripened seed-containing carpels of a single flower, and fruits into 

 whose composition other parts enter are described as pseudocarps or false 

 fruits {e.^. Strawberry, Rose). The pericarp of a fruit is often distinguish- 

 able into two or three layers ; an outer one — the epicarp or exocarp ; an 

 inner one — the endocarp : and when a third layer is present, a middle one 

 — the mesoearp. Putaiuen= a stone-like endocarp. PjTene=a stone of a 

 drupe. A capsule with longitudinal dehiscence along the ventral sutures 

 is septicidal ; along the dorsal sutures is loculicidal ; and finally, when 

 dehiscing so that the valves separate from the partitions of the ovary it is 

 septifragal. Pyxls=pyxldium=a capsule with transverse (oircumscissile) 

 dehiscence. Lomentum = a pod-shaped fruit which breaks transversely into 

 closed one-seeded joints. Glans = a nut with an involucre. Oypsela=an 

 inferior achene like that of the Composite. Nucule = nutlet (e.^. LabiatEe). 

 Creniocarp = dIaoliemum— the schizocarp of UmbelliferEe. Carcerulus== 

 an indehiscent several-chambered dry fruit («.^. Labiatae). Pepo = aberry 

 like a cucumber or gourd. Hesperidium = a berry like an orange, ^terio 

 = eterio=a compound iiruit like that of the Buttercup (an seterio of achenes) 

 or that of the Blackberry (an seterio of drupes). Drupel = a drupe of a 

 compound fruit. Cynarrliodium=a compound fruit Uke that of the Rose. 

 Syconium or syconus = an infructescence like the "Fig-fruit." Soroai3 = 

 an infructescence like a " Pine-apple " or a " Mulberry." 



TERMS APPLIED TO VARIOUS PARTS. 



XLIV. Arcuate = bent like a bow. Aristate = having a thread-like, 

 usually stiff, termination or appendage : having an awn. Articulate = 

 jointed. Elongate = at least three times as long as broad. Globose = 

 approximately spherical. Inflexed=bent inwards or towards the upper 

 face. Reflexed = bent outwards, backwards, or towards the lower face. 

 Rostrate = ending in a straight elongated beak-like process. 



