118 KENNEL DISEASES. 
should be held up for several minutes, by means of a towel pressed firmly over 
the opening of the bowel. And if they seem to act well, such injections may be 
repeated every two or three hours. But, as said, this treatment is rarely neces- 
sary where the other measures advised have been properly applied. 
While the indication generally is to clear out the bowels early in dysentery by 
means of castor-oil, it might not be advisable to administer it had the disease 
been on several days. Indeed, did the patient appear very weak and failing, or 
were the discharges very watery, tinged with blood and devoid of mucus, the treat- 
ment should not be begun with a dose of oil, but with the morphia and soda mix- 
ture. This should be persisted in unless there is fever. Did that set in, about 
one-half the quantity of castor-oil recommended might be given; and this dose 
be repeated in three hours if the first had not improved the character of the 
discharges. 
When vomiting occurs it should be treated as advised in diarrhcea. 
Were failure of the strength rapid, alcoholic stimulants would be indicated, 
and brandy, for instance, should be given in tablespoonful doses to the largest 
breeds; one-half this quantity to those of medium size ; one-fourth to fox-terriers 
and the like; and one-eighth, or one-half a teaspoonful, to small toys, 
Stimulants of this character should be mixed with a little milk and the white 
of eggs. But only rarely will it be necessary to use them ; and in the extreme 
cases in which they appear to be indicated, he is wise who seeks the advice of 
his physician. 
The diet should be the simplest possible, as advised in diarrhea. 
ENTERITIS. 
Enteritis or intestinal catarrh is an inflammation of the bowel, and particu- 
larly that part of it known as the small intestine, although it sometimes extends 
over the entire alimentary canal. It may also be limited to the mucous mem- 
brane which lines the intestine and glands therein, or it may go deeper, and 
involve the whole intestine from its inner to outer surface. 
Many of the influences that excite diarrhoea are capable of causing enteritis. 
It is also sometimes met with in chronic diseases of important organs, as the 
heart, kidneys, and liver ; and frequently it is associated with distemper. Again, 
it is liable to set in during the course of any fever that is dependent upon germs 
or special poisons. But aside from cases in which it occurs as a complication 
of distemper, it is not common in mature dogs. Very young puppies, however, 
are frequent victims ; and most often in them the trouble is induced by worms 
or unsuitable dietary. 
