144 KENNEL DISEASES. 
of medicines. ‘For instance, mercurials, and notably calomel, when given inter- 
nally, stimulate these organs, and in some cases to the point of irritation; and 
while under their effects exposure in bad weather, that would not otherwise have 
done material harm, is now sorely felt by them, and often they are inflamed as 
a direct consequence. 
Turpentine, which is sometimes given for the purpose of destroying worms, 
is another drug that is capable of producing inflammation of the kidneys. 
With some kennel-men a mixture consisting largely of Epsom salts is popular; 
and this they give, as they say, for the purpose of “cooling the blood.” Such is 
practically harmless when administered only occasionally ; but if repeated day 
after day for several weeks, as in some instances, the kidneys are quite sure to 
be irritated, and likely inflamed; and the same result may follow a persistent 
use of compound cathartic pills. 
The skin has some absorbent power but it falls far short of the extent to which 
it is generally credited ; and only very powerful agents can be drawn from the 
surface in sufficient quantity to affect the system within. Such also must be 
applied in very generous quantities in order to have any marked physiological 
effect. In other words, while through absorption there is some danger from 
carbolic acid, mercurials, and other powerful drugs which are often used exter- 
nally, only when applied in large quantities and allowed to remain long on the 
skin is poisonous absorption possible. 
Where it does occur, from the peculiar nature of the medicines applied, the 
baneful effects are apt to fall on the kidneys, and they might in consequence be 
inflamed. 
While the danger from absorption through this avenue is never great if good 
judgment in the use of powerful chemicals is displayed, that it exists may prop- 
erly be kept in mind, especially when treating mange, eczema or other extensive 
skin eruptions. 
Among other possible causes of nephritis are kicks and blows over the region 
of the kidneys, blood poisoning from distemper, and exposure in bad weather. 
There are also contributing causes, as ill-kept, foul-smelling kennels, debility 
resulting from disease, improper feeding, etc. 
The usual symptoms of acute inflammation are not pronounced, and the 
presence of the disease is not likely to be detected unless the attack is very 
severe. Uneasiness, with frequent and difficult urination, the urine being scanty 
and of a smoky color, possibly slight fever, a stiff and stilted gait, the hind legs 
being carried straight, tenderness on pressure over the loins and back a little 
beyond the ribs, and constipation, the intestinal discharges being hard and dry, 
are the signs generally manifested. 
The changes in the character of the urine are occasioned by unusual ingre- 
dients, and the presence of such is absolute evidence of disease of the kidney. 
But the eye cannot detect them, and a chemical examination is necessary. This 
