246 KENNEL DISEASES. 
obtained. One-eighth of a grain for dogs of size of fox terriers, and one-twelfth 
of a grain for toys, would be safe. 
Neuralgia of intermittent form, and recurring every second or third day, 
requires large doses of quinine. 
Nutritious diet, tonics, and wise management are of course demanded in cases 
of debility, or in which the blood is poor. 
PARALYSIS. 
Paralysis is a symptom or the expression of an abnormality somewhere in 
the nervous system, and characterized by impairment or loss of nerve force 
and ability of the muscles involved to act in response to command of the will. 
It may be partial or complete; it may also be confined to one or a few muscles, 
or affect many muscles, as all of a leg, or one-half of, or even the entire body. 
Paralysis may be due to a defect in the brain or spinal cord, in the nerves 
branching therefrom, or in the muscles themselves. 
Among the causes are included contusions, wounds, fractures, and other 
injuries produced traumatically, also diseases of parts in the region of the 
affected nerves which cause compression, as in the case of tumors and enlarged 
glands. 
Diseases of the brain and spinal cord are among the most frequent causes. 
It is the inevitable result of plugging an important artery in the former by a clot 
formed in the heart, the supply of blood from a portion of it being thus cut off. 
Certain poisons are capable of producing paralysis. In some instances also 
it occurs after acute diseases, notably distemper; and it may result from severe 
exhaustion of the nervous system. 
Puppies especially often suffer from the so-called reflex paralysis, which is 
the consequence of some disease, injury, or irritation at the points of nerve dis- 
tribution, as in worms, constipation, and other intestinal disorders, affections of 
the kidneys, bladders, etc. And this form of paralysis is commonly exhibited by 
impairment or complete loss of power in the hind legs. 
If the paralysis is partial it is shown by a trembling, feebleness, and uncer- 
tainty of the movements of the parts involved. When it is complete the muscles 
are commonly relaxed and incapable of the slightest resistance. 
In spinal paralysis both sides are commonly affected ; but when the brain is 
the seat of the trouble, loss of power almost always occurs on one side of the 
head or body, and that opposite to the injury. When the affection is reflex, the 
impairment or loss is limited to the region supplied by one or a few nerve trunks. 
Paralysis may come on suddenly or gradually. After existing for a time the 
affected muscles lose their contractibility, and waste, and the power of motion in 
