344 KENNEL DISEASES. 
be in the hair of his head, and even on his mouth and tongue, having been 
taken up and deposited there while he was searching among refuse for bones 
and stray tidbits, many of which are likely carriers of the ova. It follows, 
therefore, that lovers of dogs ought to be considerate in intercourse with their 
pets; and surely not allow them to kiss or lap their faces, or even their hands, 
— because they are so often at their own lips, — nor take dainty morsels from 
their plates, or indulge in like questionable habits. Hydatid disease, the pen- 
alty, is very serious, and often terminates fatally. 
Not all tape-worms that dogs may harbor have been described herein, be- 
cause quite frequently such worms are encountered, which, while they may 
bear a close resemblance to some of the foregoing, yet 
present decided peculiarities which constitute positive proof 
that they are not identical. Furthermore, in these animals. 
tape-worms are by no means rare which cannot be classified, 
because they differ in some respects from the tape-worms 
with which man is familiar, although he has opportunities. 
to study the internal parasites of ruminants, dogs, and many 
other living things as well as those of his own race. 
From this brief consideration of some of the various 
species of tape-worms and their different sources, it is 
plainly evident that dogs should not be admitted to kill- 
ing establishments; also that all their flesh foods that are 
not absolutely above suspicion ought to be thoroughly 
cooked. First in the suspected class are the entrails of 
game and poultry and heads of sheep, also the paunches, 
: ‘ livers, and other internal parts of these animals, and of all 
ri polar ae cattle. And since lice and fleas, and possibly other insects, 
(Graham.) play an important part in the transmission and propaga- 
tion of the tape-worm, it is plainly evident that the dog 
and his kennel should be kept thoroughly clean, and as free as possible from 
all vermin; also, that while such preventive means are faithfully employed 
there can be little if any occasion for the use of vermifuges. 
Tape-worms do not give rise to any symptoms which can be considered 
characteristic ; that is, symptoms which plainly indicate their presence and are 
unmistakable. That a dog is harboring one of these parasites may be accepted 
as undeniable only when detached segments or joints are found in the dis- 
charges from his bowels; and such evidence is not long withheld after a dog 
has become infested. But the fact must not be overlooked that segments in 
the intestinal discharges are not always noticeable, because some are so small 
and others so delicate they easily escape the eye even during careful examina- 
tion; while it is doubtful if such parts of all the various kinds of tape-worms. 
are thus thrown out spontaneously. 
