FLEAS, LICE AND FLIES. 403 
Calomel, two grains; alcohol, three drachms; chloride of ammonium, 
fifteen grains; rose water, sufficient to make three ounces. 
This should be applied once daily. 
Of the flea-destroyers adapted to lice on advanced puppies or mature dogs, 
benzin is the best. 
Ticks occasionally infest dogs; and while still on the surface require prac- 
tically the same treatment as lice and fleas; benzin being one of the most active 
destroyers. They, however, work their way through the skin; and after 
gorging themselves, often find it impossible to return. They consequently 
die; and then, being more or less poisonous, cause inflammation of the adja- 
cent tissues and swellings of considerable size ; for which the only treatment is 
the knife. : 
Flies may properly be included in the list of troublesome insects. To them 
the odor of tar is highly objectionable, therefore washing now and then with 
soap containing it is recommended, A strong suds should be made, and 
without being rinsed after being washed, the dogs should be allowed to dry 
themselves in their own way. 
Aside from common flies there are the so-called gad flies of tropical coun- 
tries, also ‘‘ wood,” ‘‘ deer” and “shore” flies, familiar to sportsmen; all of 
which cruelly torment the dog. 
When in the field any approach to complicated and elaborate treatment 
is not possible, and condensed remedies only are likely to be carried about. 
The tincture of quassia is quite an efficient protection against the larger external 
parasites, as fleas, flies, etc., and a four-ounce bottleful of it should be in the 
hunting kit, to be applied freely to the coats of the dogs, with the hands or a 
sponge, if either of such pests trouble him. 
Scratching excited by vermin causes eczema, which should, of course, be 
appropriately treated after the vermin have been destroyed. 
In every instance in which a kennel has become infested with any of the 
troublesome insects, the bedding should be at once destroyed, the quarters 
thoroughly cleaned, fumigated or disinfected with suitable means, and the 
entire inside treated to a coat of whitewash, which should enter every part, . 
crack and crevice, or to a drenching with kerosene oil or naphtha. 
