48 



ZOOLOGY. 



sponges north of New York is Clialinula oculata (Bower- 

 bank), which grows in long slender branches on the piles of 

 wharves and bridges. Allied to it is Axinella (Fig. 33, A. 

 polypoides). 



A representative in northern waters of the genuine sili- 

 cious or glass sponges is the Hyalonema (Fig. 33, H. horeale). 

 At the depth of 100 fathoms in the Gulf of Maine occurs a 



Fig. i^.—Pheronema Anna', half iiatunil size, with stellate and anchor -like spicules, 

 much enlarged. — After Leidy. 



similar species {H. longissinmin Sars). Fig. 34 represents 

 a fine silicious sponge [Pheronema Annm Leidy) from the 

 West Indies. The most beautiful of all silicious sponges is 

 the Venus' flower-basket {Euplectellum aspergilhim), which 

 lives anchored in the mud at the depth of about 10 fathoms, 

 near the Philippine Islands. 



