ALASKA. 251 



the eastern beacb, is found tlie finest amber ; hair-seals go up 

 into the lalie. 



iNear Makooshiu Gulf, between a long tufa or breccia place 

 or edge and Tarahsovshoyan Bay, in the mountains, is a lake on 

 the beach of which is found native copper ; and above this, in 

 the mountains of the third range, also, is a lake, on the beach 

 of which is found hollow stones which rattle when shaken, and 

 in the cleft of a cliff or cave is seen the gleam of light, like 

 ■water. On the south side of the island, near Oin-nomaden Bay, 

 are two lakes also in the mountains, in one of which hair-seals 

 go, and on the beach under the cliffs are found shining stones. 

 In the mountains near Captain's Harbor is a lake on the beach 

 of -which white pearls were reported found, but in 1812 men 

 were sent, in August, to look for them and found only ice. 



In Beaver Bay, on the left side, near Agamgeelc Bay, is a water- 

 fall tumbling down from high cliffs, the water of which the 

 Aleuts dare not drink for fear of death, and near this place 

 stands a stone which is honored as a petrified devil. 



There is a stream under Makooshin Mountain, on the north 

 side, by the banks of which are iron bogs, and above them it is 

 said native copper is found ; back from Makooshin Gulf, in the 

 mountains of the third range, mica ("sluda") is found. 



Before the Eussians came, in 17C2, there were on this island 

 twenty-four settlements, and altogether a great many people. 

 Even as late as 1805, there were fifteen counted settlements, 

 and in them 800 souls; but at present (1834) there are only ten, 

 and in them only 470 ; and iiU of them placed, with one excep- 

 tion, on the west and northwest shores. 



Illou-looli is the head settlemeut. Solovayiah is said to 

 have lived here. Built here (1834) is a wooden church, with 

 bells; five houses, three magazines or warehouses; five "bar- 

 rabkies,'' or huts, and one barn — all the property of the com- 

 pany. The head oflQce for the whole Aleutian district is here, 

 under a chief trader and three store-keepers. Twenty-seven 

 yourts, or huts, belong to the Creoles and Aleuts, 275 souls in 

 number. (Male Aleuts, 90 ; females, 106 ; over them Eussians 

 and Creoles, 75.) Here, with the exception of the Eussian 

 American Company's office at Sitka, was the first school. It 

 was opened the 12th March, 1835 ; started in 1834 by 22 males, 

 Creoles and Aleuts. In this school no more than twelve boys 

 could be brought together in 1835. There was a hospital with 

 eight sick men attended by a surgeon, and a home for orphan 



