CHAPTER VI 



BUDDING AND GRAFTING 



Budding is really a form of grafting in which a single bud is 

 used. On the other hand we may say that grafting is a form of 

 budding in which a twig bearing several buds is used. In each case 

 the bud or twig is inserted upon another stem or root where it will 

 grow and form a complete union. In grafting, the twig is called a 

 scion and the stem or root to which it is attached is called a stock. 

 The stems on which buds are placed in the budding operation are 

 also called stocks. 



Reproduction by Budding or Grafting. — There are several 

 principles to be kept in mind when plants are to be propagated by 

 budding or by grafting. 



1. Good varieties of peaches, plums, cherries, apples, pears, etc., 

 may be propagated by using buds from them to grow on suitable 

 stocks. 



2. The buds will grow if properly inserted on stocks closely 

 related to the kind from which the buds were taken. Peaches and 

 plums may be grown on peach or plum stocks. Apples and pears 

 may be grown on apple or quince stocks. 



3. The stock does not influence the character of fruit borne by 

 the tree resulting from this budding or grafting. The fruit is like 

 the kind from which the bud was taken. 



4. The stock may influence the character of growth and size 

 of the tree resulting from the union. Thus quince stocks will cause 

 pears and apples to be dwarfed in size, or the Paradise apple, when 

 used as stocks, will dwarf the trees. The stocks may also influence 

 the power of resistance to disease. 



Shield-Budding.— There are many methods of budding but the 

 one which is rather more common than all the rest is shield-budding. 

 It is named from the shape of the piece carrying the bud as it is cut 

 from the plant to be propagated. A T-shaped cut is made in the 

 stock and the two corners of bark are raised and rolled back slightly 

 The shield bearing the bud is inserted just under the flap of bark so 

 that the growing layer, called the cambium layer, just under the 

 bark wili rest against the wood of the stock. (Fig. 33.) The bark 

 is then placed snugly against the shield to hold it in place. This 

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