PROPAGATION OF APPLES BY GRAFTING 



53 



flap of bark may be divided into two parts in which case the bud 

 is placed near the center and is not likely to be covered by the flaps 

 when returned to place. The olive is sometimes propagated by 

 this method of budding. 



Flute-budding differs from plate-budding in having a larger 

 area of bark cut away entirely. The bark from the scion bearing 

 the bud is of considerable size cut to fill the entire area. 



Chip-budding is so named because the piece from the scion 

 bearing the bud includes a piece of bark and wood. It is beveled 

 in mortise shape above and below and is dove-tailed into a cut in 

 the stock made just to receive it. It should be waxed and tied in 

 place. 



GRAFTING 



Tongue-Grafting. — The particular form of grafting known as 

 tongue-grafting or whip-grafting may be practiced either in the 

 top working of trees or in root grafting young trees. 

 The method is illustrated in figure 36. First a long 

 sloping cut is made on the lower end of the scion, 

 then a sloping cut somewhat resembling a split is 

 made as shown. The upper end of the stock is cut in 

 exactly the same manner. The two tongues formed 

 are slipped under each other and the union is pressed 

 together as closely as possible. If the scion and stock 

 are of the same diameter, the growing layers of cam- 

 bium just under the bark are adjacent to each other 

 and will grow together. This forms a perfect union 

 between the scion and stock. The grafted portion is 

 wrapped with waxed knitting cotton or with waxed 

 bands of old muslin. The wrapping is to hold the 

 parts together and also to aid in excluding the air. 

 The wax also aids in keeping out surplus water. 



Propagation of Apples by Grafting. — If apples are 

 to be propagated by root grafting, the work may be 

 done in the winter and much time of the nurseryman 

 is saved. The roots are obtained from seedlings fig. 36. — a 

 started from seed the preceding spring. These seed- apple E usin g the 

 lings are dug in the fall with the entire tap root. They Th^edon^'nd 

 are tied in bundles of about one hundred each and about Viik'e! 

 stored in wet sand or wet sawdust in the cellar or * hen ., eli je p ,?, d 



together tightly 



storehouse where they will not freeze. and wrapped 



TO I t n TO 1 Q YAQ 



The scions for winter root grafting are cut from knitting cotton. 



