194 THE HOME ORCHARD— APPLE, PEAR, QUINCE 



4. What distance apart is best for planting apple trees? For pear trees? 



5. Describe a good plan for laying out the orchard for planting. 



6. What should be the pruning for young trees at planting time? 



7. Describe the planting of a tree. 



8. What crops are good to grow between the rows of young trees in your 



region? 



9. What are the uses of a winter cover crop in the orchard? 



10. What would you use for this? When? How started? 



11. Give some cautions and directions for the harvesting of apples. 



12. Same for pears. 



13. Give best conditions for storing of winter apples. 



14. Describe some methods used in your region. 



15. Give several points regarding the management and growth of the quince. 



References. — U. S. Fanners' Bulletins: 181, Pruning: 482, Pear and How 

 to Grow It; 727, Growing Fruit for Home Use in the Great Plains Area; 852, 

 Managemnet of Common-Storage Apple Houses in the Pacific Northwest; 903, 

 Commercial Drying of Fruits; 984, Farm and Home Drying of Fruits and 

 Vegetables; 1080, Preparation of Barreled Apples for Market; 1204, North- 

 western Apple Packing Houses. 



Determining Hatching Dates for Codling Moth. — Each student and each 

 orchardist should band a few apple tree trunks with brown paper or burlap, 

 in the fall to trap the larvae of codling moths. 



In early spring put several hundreds of these in a breeding cage made of 

 fly screen. Supply pieces of apple bark for covering. Place the cage near a 

 tree or fasten to a large branch. Four days after they become moths they 

 will lay" eggs to begin hatching ten days later. Plan to spray to poison larvs 

 then. 



The second brood should be trapped in late spring. These larvae hatch in 

 four days, or eight days from the time the adults emerge. 



The third brood may be trapped by banding about July, or about six 

 weeks after brood two was trapped. 



