li ESTTEODUCTION. 



to 2597 feet; the Knockmealdown mountaiiis, bet-weea 'Wateriord 

 and Tipperary, to 2609 feet ; and the Graltees, on the borders of 

 Tipperary and Limerick, to 3015 feet. The district is without 

 lakes, but includes two large rivers, the Blackwater and the Suir. 

 The southern chai-acter of the flora shown in District I. is main- 

 tained here, but is less strongly marked, some of the most chai-ac- 

 teristic species, such as Arhutus Uhedo, Mcroeala filiformis, 8il- 

 thorpia europaa, and SimetUs Ueolor having disappeai-ed. At the 

 same time a large falling ofE in the Highland type plants is observed, 

 only 12 species of this group occurring against 24 in District I;, 

 while the Hieraoia have sunk from 8 species down to 3. Only one 

 peculiar species occurs, Bromus mad/ritensis, and this is probably an 

 introduction. 



Chwraeteristic or Rare Plants, 



tEanunculua parviflorus. *SeduDi album. JAntirrhinum Orontium. 



Brassioa nigra. *S. dasyphyllum. JEumex pulcher. 



Corydalis clavioulata. Carum vertieillatum. Euphorbia hiberna. 



Nasturtium sylvestre. *Centrantlius ruber. Asparagus officinalis. 



*Barbarea praeeox. Diotis candidissima. {Allium Soorodoprasum. 



Arabis petrsea. *Senecio sq[ualidus. Juncus acutus. 



Geranium rotundifolium. Vaccinium Vitis-Idsea. Ehynohosphora fusca. 



*Medicago maculata. JCuscuta Epithymum. \Bromus madritensis, 



Saxifraga Geum. Bartsia viscosa. Asplenium lanceolatum. 



S. umbrosa. Pinguicula grandiflora. Triobomanes radicans. 



niSTEICI in. BABEOW. 



Kilhenny, Ca/rlow, QueerCs County. 



Area, 1805 square miles. — Flora, 641 species and sub-species. 



Inland, save for a few miles of estuary in county Kilkenny, 

 affording a small number of maritime species. On the south-east 

 border of county Carlow are Mount Leinster, 2610 feet, and 

 Blackstairs, 2409 feet; but the summits belong to the adjoining 

 county, "Wexford. To the north-west are the Slieve Bloom Moun- 

 tains, in Queen's County, with Ard Erin, 1733 feet, and Bama, 

 1661 feet. Though as yet insufficiently explored, this would appear 

 to be the poorest in rare species of all the Irish botanical districts. 

 There are but three Highland type plants and three Hieracia, 

 including the ubiquitous H. PUosella. The only peculiar species is 

 Colchioum autumnale. 



