78. coNifEK*. 319' 



petioles slM?rt, fr.-catkins; long-stalked, fr. scattered. — ^. Q. in- 

 termedia (D. Don) ; young branches glabrous, petioles short, 1. 

 stellate-downy beneath, fe-catkins shortly stalked, fr. near to- 

 gether. Mart. Siist. 11. — y. Q.«es«7j??orB (Sm.); young branches 

 dowriy, petioles long, 1. glabrous. beneath, fr.-oatkins subsessile, 

 fr. hear together.. — It is generally supposed by foresters that there 

 are t^lrb if hot three species of Oak in Britain. I have failed in 

 learning how to distinguisb them. — Woods. T. IV. V. E. S. I. 



9. Coe'tlus Linn. Hazel. 



1. C. Avelldna (L.) ; stip. oblong blunt, 1. roundish-cOrdate 

 acuminate, involucre of the ovoid fr. bellshaped spreading torn 

 at th^. margin.— A. shrubby tiee. Young twigs hairy and glan- 

 dular. L. dovny beneath. . Male catkins long, pendulous. Fern. 

 11. in ovoid buds. Stigmas bright crimson. — Hedges and copses. 

 Sh. in. IV. Hazel Nut. E. S. I. 



10. CARPi'irns lAnn. Hornbeam. 



1, C. Set'uhis (L.) ; ,sca],es of the fruit 3-parted, segments 

 lanceolate the niiddle one longest. — A smaU tree. L. ovate, 

 acute, plaited when young, deeply and sharply doubly serrate. 

 —Damp clayey woods and hedges. T. V. E. 



Division V. GYMNOSPERM^. 



Ovules apparently naked. Carpel spread out flat. No caly.\, 

 nor corolla. 



Order LXXVIII. CONIFEE,^. 



Fl. monoecious or dioecious. — Barren fl. of one or more mona- 

 delphous stamens, in a deciduous catkin, about a common axis. 

 Anth. of 2 or more lobes tursting outwards, often ending in a 

 scalelikp crest. — -Fertile fl. usually in cones, sometimes solitary. 

 Ovary spread open in the shape of a scale and placed in the axil 

 of a membranous bract ; in the solitary fl. apparently wanting. 

 Ovules naked in pairs on the face of the, ovary and inverted ; or 

 (in the solitary fl^) erect. [Or, as some think : ovaries in pairs 

 (or several), inverted, on a scale (which becomes the cone-scale) 

 situated in the axil of a bract ; each of 2 connate carpels having 

 together the form of a horseshoe or ring and ultimately pro- 

 ducing a wing ; ovule between the carpels, its tip exposed ; or 

 erect, the 2 carpels uniting in the form of a cup,' without a car- 

 pellary scale.] Fr. a cone, or solitary seed. Testa hard, crus- 

 tacpous. Embryo in the axis of fleshy albumen. Radicle next 

 the apex. — Woody tissue marked with circular disks. 



