40 THE MINtATURE FRUIT GARDEN. 



decayed manure, which will be all the culture 

 required. 



ESPALIER PEAKS ON QUINCE STOCKS. 



Pears on the quince may be cultivated as horizontal 

 espaliers or cordons by the sides of walks, or trained 

 to lofty walls with much advantage, as less space 

 is required. Horizontal espaliers, or wall trees, on 

 the pear stock, trained to walls of the usual height — 

 i.e., from ten to twelve feet — require to be planted 

 twenty feet apart, while those on the quince may 

 be planted only ten feet apart ; this in a small 

 garden will allow of much greater variety of sorts to 

 supply the taLle at diiferent seasons. "With these the 

 same high culture, if perfection be wished fur, must 

 be followed ; the trees carefully planted, so that the 

 junction of the graft with the stock is even with the 

 surface ( if the mound formed as directed for pyramids. 

 The pruning of wall pear trees has always been a 

 subject of controversy with gardenere, as they are 

 inclined to gi'ow too vigoruusly. If it be thought 

 desirable to ha\e trees tif large gro'n'th, so as to 

 cover a high wall, and yet be highly fertile, it is much 

 1 letter to root-prune than to prune the branches. 

 With such trees it need not be done so severely: 

 biennial root-ju-uning will lie quite sufficient, com- 

 nicnciiig at eigliteen inches from the wall, after the 

 tree has had two seasons' growth, cutting olf the ends 

 (if all the mots attliat distance from the wall, ami in- 

 creasing it by six inches at every liieiuiial jinniiiitr, 

 till a distance of six feet from the wall is reached. 

 \Vlien this is the case, the roots must be confined 



