82 DOMESTICATED DOGS. 
and I believe the dachshund to be the source of the large falling 
ear in the one, and the beagle of the other. ‘This theory is 
supported by the peculiar temper of the Dandie, to which I shall 
refer in treating of that breed, and by the thick, “cobby,” and 
beagle-like frames which fox-terriers now often show, and specially. 
those of the hound colour. As long as fox-terriers were only used 
for “marking” foxes at their earths, and aiding the digger in his 
operations, nose was not much required, for the scent of the fox 
is so strong as to be easily made out when in his earth; but when 
they became the fashionable companions of our rising generation, 
they were required to hunt hedgerows for rabbits, and then a cross 
with the beagle began to be of use. About thirty years ago I 
had several litters between the rough Scotch terrier of those days 
and the beagle, for retrieving purposes, and the produce exactly 
resembled the modern rough fox-terrier in ear and shape of body, 
so that the above theory on this point is not entirely unsupported 
by facts. As in the case of the Dandie, I do not expect a con- 
fession of this practice having been adopted, for, like the bulldog 
cross, it would be stigmatised as a derogation; but I confess I 
cannot in any other way account for the peculiar close-falling ear 
of the modern fox-terrier. At the same time, I do not attach 
much importance to this explanation, nor, indeed, to any other 
historically reputed fact in regard to dogs. All, as it seems to 
me, that is necessary, is to take each breed as it exists, and 
estimate its bodily and mental characteristics by the standard of 
utility, either in carrying out the intentions of man as far as 
regards the particular kind of work required, or in pleasing his 
eye by symmetry and colouring. It should be remembered that 
in the early dog shows from 1859 to 1863, the fox-terrier was 
ignored altogether, no class being assigned to him, owing to the 
fact that the breed, though existing in certain foxhound kennels, 
was not known beyond them. Even at the great London Inter- 
national Show of May 30, 1863, no class for this breed was made; 
and, as far as I recollect, no fox-terrier appeared among the 
“white smooth-haired terriers,” as was the case at the Birmingham 
Show of 1862, when the afterwards celebrated “Jock” took the 
first prize in that class, though not, strictly speaking, conforming 
to its requirements either in colour or other points. In 1863 Mr. 
