THE FIELD SPANIEL. 159 
Shoulders and chest.—The shoulders are generally more sloping 
than those of the Clumber, owing to the chest narrowing in front. 
The latter is very full towards the back ribs, which are very deep, 
and in front is not nearly so wide and round. This makes the 
dog very active for his weight. 
The back is more arched than the Clumber’s, and very strong in 
its coupling with the loin and hips. The proportion of length to 
height is about 2} times. 
The legs in front are, like those of all wide-chested dogs, apt to 
be broad, but this defect is not so common as in the Clumber. 
Still it should be carefully attended to. 
The feet are generally very good in this breed, neither spread- 
ing nor with soft pads. The toes are well arched, and there is 
plenty of hair between them. 
The colour is a golden liver without white, and after the first 
year there is generally a faded look about the coat. 
The coat is decidedly wavy, and not the slightest approach to 
curl should be seen. 
The ¢atl is carried low; it is usually cropped. 
The symmetry of this dog is by no means a prominent feature, 
but still it is worthy of the points allotted to it. 
(C) THE NORFOLK SPANIEL. 
A spaniel of full size, of a liver-and-white or black-and-white 
colour, is met with very generally in the eastern counties, but 
it varies too much to admit of any definite description. The 
chief points of difference from the Clumber and Sussex are, that 
the length is not so great, and that the ears are furnished with 
more feather, often almost reaching the ground. 
(D) THE MODERN COCKER. 
Although in Wales and Devonshire a small liver-coloured cocker 
is still used, yet the fashion of the day in other parts of the 
country is to use a somewhat larger spaniel, generally of a black 
colour, and known as the modern cocker. This dog is now 
expected to be the servant-of-all-work to the shooter, and takes 
