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CHAPTER V. 
PASTORAL DOGS AND THOSE USED FOR DRAUGHT. 
1. The English Sheep-Dog—2. The Collie: (4) Rough ; (B) Smooth—3. The 
Drover’s Dog—4. The German Sheep-Dog—5: The Pomeranian : (A) The 
Large Wolf-Dog; (B) The Small or Spitz—6. The Newfoundland’ and 
Labrador : (A) The True Newfoundland ; (B) The Landseer Newfound- 
land ; (c) The St. John’s or Labrador—7. The Esquimaux Dog—8. Iceland 
.and Lapland Dogs—g, Chinese Dogs—1o. The Chinese Pug. 
1—THE ENGLISH SHEEP-DOG. 
I cannot do better than transcribe the description of this” dog 
which I wrote in 1859, as follows :— 
The English sheep-dog is tolerably represented in the annexed 
engraving, but there are so many different breeds that it is difficult 
to describe him very exactly. He has a sharp muzzle, medium- 
sized head, with small and piercing eyes; a well-shaped body, 
formed after the model of a strong low greyhound, but clothed 
in thick and somewhat woolly hair, which is particularly strong 
about the neck and bosom. The tail is naturally long and bushy, 
but, as it has almost invariably been cut off until of late years, its 
variations can hardly be known. Under the old excise laws, the 
shepherd’s dog was only exempt from tax when without a tail, 
and for this reason it was always removed; from which at last it 
happened-that many puppies of the breed were born without any 
tails, and to this day some particular breeds are tailless. In almost 
all sheep-dogs there is a double dew-claw on each hind-leg, and 
very often without any bony attachment. The legs and feet are 
strong and well formed, and stand road-work well, and the untiring 
nature of the dog is very remarkable. The colour varies greatly, 
but most are grey, or black, or brown, with more or less white. 
Such is the true old English sheep-dog, but a great proportion 
