204 
WATCHDOGS AND HOUSE-DOGS. 
Points of the rough St. Bernard :— 
VALUE VALUE 
Head, . 20 Size, Io 
Ears and eyes, 10 Symmetry, 10 
Line of poll, .. Io |. Temperamen , 5 
Neck, . 5 Colour, . 5 
Body, . 5 Coat, 5 
Legs and feet. fe) — 
Dew-claws, . ‘ 5 Total, . 100 
The head is as large as that of the mastiff, except in width, 
which is considerably less. There is a marked occiput and also 
a higher brow than in the mastiff or Newfoundland. The muzzle 
is long and cut square, with lips slightly pendulous. Teeth level. 
Ears and eyes.—The ears are slightly larger than the mastiff’s, 
but should have no folds. They are pendant, and very slightly 
rougher than the rest of the body.. Eyes full, but set deeply, 
and showing the “haw,” which is sometimes red, but not by 
preference. 
Line of poll.—This line, which is supposed to resemble the white 
band of the Benedictine monk, is of course wholly arbitrary, but 
it. is strongly insisted on by the monks; it is not often met with 
in the English-bred strains. 
The neck is of ordinary shape, with a slight tendency to throati- 
ness, no doubt due to the bloodhound cross. 
The body is large and massive, with a somewhat deeper chest 
‘and better shoulders than in the mastiff. 
' Legs and feet.—These are generally good, owing to the exercise 
given to the dog in his native country. The feet are very large, 
‘but not spreading, and are said to be bred of this size to keep the 
dog from sinking into the snow. 
Double dew-claws on the hind-legs are considered by many 
good judges to be absolute indications of true breeding, and their 
absence, they think, should condemn a dog to exclusion from the 
class awarded to this breed in a show. My own opinion is, that 
dew-claws are not to be relied on in any breed, and that when 
present in the St. Bernard, they only indicate a cross with the 
Newfoundland, who certainly possesses the double dew-claw in 
many instances of dogs imported from the island. 
