290 BREAKING AND ENTERING. 
WORDS OF COMMAND USED TO THE POINTER AND SETTER. 
1. To avoid breaking fence—‘ Ware fence.” 
2. To come back from chasing cats, poultry, hares, &c.—“ Ware 
chase.” 
3. To come to heel and remain there—‘“ To heel,” or “ Heel.” 
4. To gallop forward—“ Hold up.” 
5. To lie down—“ Down,” or “ Down charge.” 
6. To abstain from taking food placed near, equally applied to 
running in to birds—“ Toho.” 
When these orders are cheerfully and instantly complied with 
by the puppy, it will be time to take him into the field, but not 
till then. Many breakers during this period accustom their dogs 
to the report of the gun by firing a pistol off occasionally while 
they are a short distance off, and in a way so as not to alarm’ 
them. This is all very well, and may prevent all danger of a 
dog becoming “shy of the gun;” but with a well-bred puppy, 
properly reared, and not confined too much so as to make him 
shy in’ other respects, such a fault will seldom oceur. Neverthe- 
less, as it does sometimes show itself, from some cause or other, 
the above precaution, as it costs little trouble or expense, is not 
to be objected to. It is also advantageous to accustom the dog to 
drop when the pistol is discharged, and if he is of high courage, 
he may be drilled to this so effectually that he never forgets it. 
By the aid of a “check-cord,” wherever the dog is when the 
pistol is discharged, he is suddenly brought up and made to drop 
with the command, “ Down charge;” and in process of time he 
associates one with the other, so that whenever he hears a gun he 
drops in an instant. Timid dogs may, however, be made shy in 
this way, and unless the puppy is evidently of high courage, it is 
a dangerous expedient to resort to, as, instead of making the dog, 
it may mar him for ever. 
Next comes the teaching to “range,” which is about the most 
difficult part of breaking. Many sportsmen who have shot all 
their lives are not aware of the extent to which this may be, 
and indeed ought to be, carried, and are quite content if their 
dogs “potter” about where they like and find game anyhow. 
