54 ANIMAL INSTINCT AND INTELLIGENCE 
artificially imposed with a view to altering the order do not succeed 
in this, as they would do if the actions were of very intelligent 
kind. For example, a nest with fully-constructed top-cell partly 
stored was substituted for the original nest in which the uppermost 
cell had only been commenced. The bee did not apparently 
detect the imposture, and proceeded to raise the walls of the 
substituted cell till it was one-third greater than the normal height. 
In another experiment a bee had completed the construction of a 
cell, and was preparing to store it, when another nest with an in- 
complete top-chamber was substituted. On her return with honey 
and pollen she appeared greatly puzzled at the change, and finally 
deposited her load in the nest of a neighbour. The result of 
another similar experiment was somewhat different, for the bee 
removed the roof of the last complete cell and stored this a second 
time, afterwards laying a second egg in it. The last two experi- 
ments seem to prove the existence of a certain infusion of intelli- 
gence, as shown by the attempts to meet the altered circumstances, 
though these attempts were not of very satisfactory kind. It 
is somewhat remarkable that this bee is apparently unable to 
recognize its own nest, though we must not forget that its visual 
powers are of different kind from our own, but it has a well-marked 
memory for localities, returning to the spot selected for building- 
purposes from considerable distances. Fabre also showed that 
individuals removed as far as four kilometres from their nests, into 
what was probably unknown country to them, were able to find 
their way home. Quite a number of animals are endowed with 
a strong “homing faculty” of this kind, but how far this may be 
due to a “locality sense” which cannot be explained by applying 
the known principles of human physiology, it is as yet impossible 
to say. In this particular instance, even if we were to assume 
that the bees had some previous acquaintance with the distant 
place to which they were taken, we should still be quite unable to 
explain exactly ow they got home. Locality-memory, however, 
would seem to imply some amount of intelligence. Readers de- 
siring further details of the fascinating observations and experi- 
ments by Fabre on Mason-Bees and many other insects are 
referred to the original work, or the translation of the same which 
has recently appeared. 
Suggestions have more than once been made in the course of 
this book as to the kind of investigation which amateur naturalists 
