COURTSHIP AND MATING OF INSECTS 159 
fringed with dark blue, and spangled with small turquoise spots; 
and the pectoral fins are of a delicate lavender-gray, with serried 
dark-brown spots. The female is but a dish-clout in respect of 
him.” In still another species of Dragonet (C. cavebares), how- 
ever, it is the female which is beautiful, and she no doubt takes 
the lead in courtship. It is interesting to note that Alcock has 
described an Indian flat-fish (Arnoglossus macrolophus) in which 
the male possesses a long crest, owing to the excessive develop- 
ment of the rays at the front end of the dorsal fin, somewhat 
as in the Dragonets above described. 
COURTSHIP AND MATING OF INSECTS (INSEcTA) 
Tue Law or Battie.—The jaws of some male beetles are 
of enormous size (fig. 1116), and to these are sometimes added 
conspicuous horn-like outgrowths from the head or thorax. 
These features have suggested such names as “stag beetle”, 
Fig. 1116.—A Tropical Beetle (Ciiasognathus Grantit). Male on left; female on right 
“rhinoceros beetle”, &c. Such structures may possibly be used 
in fights for the possession of mates, but this has not so far 
been proved, and the matter must remain unsettled until our 
knowledge of habits is more complete. 
Various male insects have, however, been observed fighting 
for partners, and Darwin (in Zhe Descent of Man) gives appa- 
