56 



Cabbage Butterfly Pontia rapce 6i 



Vertebrated Robber-fly Promachus vertebratus 62 



Pennsylvania Bumblebee Bombus pennsylvanicus 175 



Impatient Bumblebee Bombus impatiens 175 



Bumblebee Bombus auricomus 175 



(Rose-gall) Rhodites nebulosiis 60 



No animals were taken here which were dependent upon the sumac, 

 hickory, crab-apple, or smilax. Pelidnota lives upon the grape, and 

 grapes are primarily woodland or forest-margin rather than prairie 

 plants. Schistocerca is also probably a marginal species. On the flow- 

 ers of Silphium terebinthinaceum were taken Orchelimum vulgare, 

 Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus, and Bombus pennsylvanicus, auri- 

 comus, and impatiens. 



The persistence of woodland vegetation in this locality, in spite 

 of the repeated mowings and burnings, shows that it has much vigor, 

 and would, if undisturbed, in a few years shade out the prairie vege- 

 tation and restore the dominance of the forest. With such a change in 

 the vegetation there would of course be a corresponding change in the 

 animals. 



DESCRIPTION OF THE FOREST HABITATS AND ANIMALS 

 I. The Bates Woods, Station IV 



The Bates woodland area is located about three and a half miles 

 northeast of Charleston on the farm that was owned by Mr. J. I. Bates, 

 and consists of abotit 160 acres. It includes a bottom-land area near 

 the Embarras River, and extends up the valley slope on to the upland. 

 It is isolated from the trees bordering the river ( PI. X, fig. i ) by a 

 narrow clearing, and from those on the northeast, north, and north- 

 west by another clearing (PI. XI) ; on the south and southwest it is 

 continuous with partially cleared areas, which extend south to the Big 

 Four railway track. 



The river bottom-land is undulating and rises rather gradually 

 toward the base of the bluffs. The bluff line is irregular on account of 

 the ravines which have been etched in it, the largest of which forms 

 the southern boundary of the region examined. The upland is rela- 

 tively level. The soils on the bottom are darker colored, except in 

 places near the base of the bluff, and at the mouths of the ravines 

 where the upland soil has been washed down. The upland soil is pre- 

 sumably the "light gray silt loam" of the State Soil Survey (Moultrie 

 County Soils, 111. Exper. Sta. Soil Rep., 191 1, No. 2, p. 23). All of 



