(wMch las siimce heen dbraimed), Ibmlt some of Itftie Uiglhier groomod,. 

 formed hy tbe tnandmlaltioiiii of fbe sourf ace aumd smvofimded by tOie Uadk 

 sdil, lis M^iiler im oolor and is wtM. draimed. Tlnnis ia Itloe Uadk soil areas 

 titneire are UmltlfaL wel and liirdfll-dirained taacts, amd OQunrespDndJiBg diiB^- 

 emces iiii Idbe IhaUtals. 



Tim mi^^msMj wmided. and tine presemt wmided areas east of 

 Oiarlesttn, iu the Tidmiit]^ of tile Ejmibarras River, wk m a r^om qtiite 

 diiBfereiait from Aie prairie InoA iidl topogra^y and in smL Here the re- 

 Eef is nmaidh more pnaxDonmcied, en acsonnt of botih. tlfate proxinnity of Ae 

 river and the greater development of the drainage lines, wMdfai Ihave cmt 

 a few hmodred feet U[ow Itihe gemeral levdl of Ae cmmisy. Tine tribot- 

 taiy vaMejps and ra.vines are mnmerans and ste^^^ded, and in general 

 ame wooded, tbe density varying wiA tbe amonnt of clearing done. 

 Most of the sod of tine wooded areas and aliimg tfae Mni^ is distinctly 

 M^hier in odlor than that of the hladk: sod prairie, and is presumably 

 '"gray siltt loom'" (HofSdns and Pettit, 'fM : 238-342), tbongh along Idie 

 i9lood-pjlain and tbe river bottom tbe sods are mnsed in chaiacfer. 



In the study of an area or an aimimniall association of any consdcia.- 

 ble size two methods are availablle. One is to examine as mmdbi of tbe 

 area, as is possiMe and seoxre data from, a very wide range of condi- 

 tioms. ITbis metbod is nsefinll in obtaining tbe general or broad featnres 

 of a region or an assooatiom, thon^ to a corresponding d^ree it mnst 

 ignore local iniBlniences and debiDs, and by it most of tbe pirevions stmdr 

 ies tnqpom parairie amihnniaillg have beom made. It seemed, tberef ore, tbat in 

 tbe present stmdy a sosmewbat more intensive method was desirable, 

 ^articnlarily in view of tbe fact tbat tbe extinction of prairie and for- 

 est is lapadly progressing. Tbe mteAod f odowed was to examine a 

 large area in oiider to select a lepnesentative san#e, and nqpoam tbe 

 basis of 4iis samqple to mal^ as intensive a stmdy as tinne and orcmm- 

 stances wonM permit This mietbod has the advantaige of making it 

 po^hle to preserve at least some reoord of the bad ddiaSh; and at the 

 samts tinne^ to tbe di^ree that ttne selected area is a true samqpli^ it also 

 ^ves Idle i%siiiilts a mmdn wider appicatiom^ 



Tbe pntairie samples examined were all along tbe ri^his-of-way, 

 and tbir f omest was a seomd-growth woods on tbe bottoms and Mmff 

 off tbe Kmterras River, oam a fomn bdlon^ng;, at tbat tinne, to Mr. J. L 

 Bates. Practicality aM of tbe observations heine reported inpm were 

 maidei dnring Angnst, 1910. Tbe forest is a nsodiffied onne, but it apn 

 pears to have been cut over so gradnaHty tbat its oonlLnuiity as a forest 

 habitat was not csaniqpjlelelty i ntet i iuiiptB d, aitbon^ tbe cntting has prob- 



