167 



such as sandy beaches, banks of streams, sand-bars, and burned 

 areas. In a humid forested area such places are usually in isolated 

 patches, or in more or less continuous strips as along shores; but 

 since the activities of man produce large cleared areas and bare 

 spots, such as roads, railways, and gardens, the favorable area of 

 habitat for this species has been vastly increased. Consult Han- 

 cock ('ii, pp. 340-347) for observations on the habits of this 

 species. 



Schistocerca alutacea Harr. Leather-colored Grasshopper. (PI. 

 XXXIX, fig. 3.) 

 One specimen of this large grasshopper was taken east of 

 Charleston, on the prairie which grades into the forest (Sta. Ill, a) 

 Aug. 15 (No. 59). Morse ('04, p. 39) and Hart ('06, p. 79) rec- 

 ognize that this species lives among a rank growth of vegetation 

 and brush. In general the local conditions are open or transitional, 

 and may be compared to those of a shrubby forest margin, and not 

 to those of the distant open prairie or to conditions within the for- 

 est. (Cf. Hancock, '11, pp. 366-370.) 



Melanoplus biznttatus Say. Two-striped Grasshopper. (PI. XL. 



%• 3-) 

 This grasshopper was taken from flowers of the rattlesnake- 

 master, Bryngium yuccifolium, on the prairie at Loxa (Sta. II), 

 Aug. 13 (No. 55). It is a little surprising that it was so rare this 

 season on the prairie areas examined, as it is usually a common 

 species. Hancock ('11, pp. 356-359) has discussed this grasshopper. 



Melanoplus differentialis Thomas. Differential Grasshopper. (PI. 

 XXXIX, fig. 5, and PI. XL, fig. i.) . 



This species was generally common in open areas, especially on 

 the prairie, but was also found in open places in the forest. It was 

 very abundant in the colonies of swamp prairie grasses, Spartina 

 and Blymus (Sta. I, a), Aug. 28 (No. 179); in the upland pfaJrie 

 grasses, as Andropogon and Paniciim (Sta. I, g), Aug. 12 (No. 39) ; 

 and in colonies of Lepachys (Sta. I, ^) Aug. 12 (No. 40); also at 

 Loxa on Silphium integrifolium (Sta. II, a) Aug. 13 (No. 48). 



This must be considered as one of the most common and char- 

 acteristic of prairie animals. Notwithstanding the destruction of 

 the original prairie,, its habitat has been perpetuated, particularly 

 upon waste and neglected areas, such as fence rows, roadsides, rail- 

 way rights-of-way, and vacant city lots. 



