ON the; supposed normal occurrence of bacteria in plants. 



27 



LITERATURE. 



1865. Trecul, a. Matiere amylacee et cryptogames 

 amylif^res dans les vaisseaux du latex de 

 plusieurs Apocynees. Compt. Rend, des S6. 

 de L'Acad. des Sciences, Paris, 1865, T.lxi, pp. 

 156-160. See also T. LXi, pp. 432-436, and T. 

 Lxv 1867, pp. 513 to 521. 



Tr^cul reported finding Amylobacter in tlie pitch- 

 cells of fig and in the cortex of Sambucus. Solanaceae, 

 and Crasulaceae. 



1868. Nyi,ANDER. Animadv. circa historiam Amylo- 



bacteriaceam. Flora, i868. 

 1876. Pasteur, Louis. Etudes sur la bi^re, etc. Paris, 



Gauthier Villars, 1876, pp. 54-57. 



1879. Chambbrland, CharIvES-Edouard. Recherches 



sur rorigine et sur le developpement, des 

 organismes microscopiques. Ann. de I'Ecole 

 Normal super., 1879, Paris. 



1880. Chamberland, Chari,es-Edouard. Th^se, 



Paris, 1880, p. 35. 

 1882. BuRRin, T. J. The bacteria, 1882, p. 42. 



See also some vegetable poisons, Tr. Am. 



Asso. Adv. Sci., 1882, p. 515, and Am. Mo. 



Micro. Jour., Oct., 1882, p. 192. 

 1884. JORISSEN, A. Les proprietes r^ductrices des 



graines et la formation de la diastase. Bull. 



d I'Acad. Royale de Belgique, T. viii, 3rd S^r., 



pp. 550-S55- 



1884. Rai<ph, S. On the occurrence of bacteria in 



living plants. Trans. Roy. Soc, Victoria, 

 vol. XX, 1884. 



1885. Laurent, E. Sur la pretendue origine bac- 



terienne de la diastase. Bull, de I'Acad. 

 Royal de Belgique a Bruxelles, 3 serie. Tome 

 X, No. 7, 1885, pp. 38-57. Also a, separate, 

 22 pp. 

 1885. DucivAUX, E. Sur la germination dans un sol 

 riche en mati^res organiques, mais exempt de 

 microbes. Compt. rend. hebd. des seances 

 de I'Acad. des Sciences, Paris, 5 Jan., Tome C, 

 1885, pp. 66-68. 



1885. BrassE, LfioN. Un moyen de debarrasser les 



graines des germes de microbes adherents a 

 leur surface. Compt. Rend, et Mem. Soc. de 

 Biologic, Paris, 1885. T. 37, 8 Ser., pp.196, 197. 



1886. FrankhausER . Der Bund, No. 26, Berne. 



Not seen. 



1887. GalippE, v. Note sur la presence de micro- 



organismes dans les tissus vegetaux. Compt. 

 Rend. hebd. de la Sec. de Biologic, Paris, 

 1887, pp. 410-416. See also Jour, des con- 

 naissances medicales, Paris, 30 Juin, 1887. 



1888. Fernbach, a. De I'absence des microbes dans 



les tissus vegetaux. Ann. de I'lnstitut 

 Pasteur, 2 annee, Paris, 1888, pp. 567-570. 

 A review of Galippe's work. 



1888. Di Vestea, a. De I'absence des microbes dans 

 les tissus vegetaux, Ann. de I'lnst. Pas- 

 teur, 2 annee, Paris, 1888, pp. 670-671. 



1888. BernhEim, Hugo. Die parasitaren Bacterien 

 der Cerealien. Miinchner med. Wochen- 

 schrift, 1888, pp. 743-745. 767-770. 



1888. BucHNER, . Notiz betreffend die Frage 



des Vorkommens von Bacterien in normalen 

 Pflanzengewebe. Muenchner med. Wochen- 

 schrift, 1888, No. 52, pp. 906-907. 



1889. Lehmann, K. B. Erklarung in BetrefiE der 



Arbeit von Herrn Dr. Hugo Bemheim: "Die 

 parasitaren B akterien der CereaUen . ' ' Muench . 

 med. Wochenschrift, 1889, p. iio. 



1889. Lehmann, K. B. Erklarung in Betreff der 



Arbeit von Herrn Dr. Hugo Bemheim : " Die 

 parasitaren Bakterien der Cerealien," Nebst 

 Weitern eigenen Versuchen. Archiv f. 

 Hygiene, Bd. ix, 1889, pp. 350-361. 



1890. Fazio, EugEnio. I microorganismineivegetali 



usati freschi nell'alimentazione. Rivista inter- 

 nazionale d'igiene. Anno i, 1890, No. 1-3, pp. 

 15-23, 99-107, 162-167. Reviewed in Cen- 

 tralbl. f. Bakt., etc., 4 Jahrg., 1890, Bd. vii, 

 p. 798. 

 1890. Corneii,i.E, a. V. AND Babes, V. Les bac 

 teries 3 ed., Paris, 1890, Felix Alcan, p. 20. 



They assert that Duclaux has shown that the germination 

 of plants is impossible without the presence of bacteria, but this 

 is incorrect. Duclaux showed only that when peas and beans 

 were germinated in milk they behaved exactly as when 

 germinated in pure water. In a comment on Duclaux's paper, 

 Pasteur hazarded the supposition that animal life required 

 the presence of bacteria, and hence perhaps the origin of 

 the confusion. 



1890. Brown, Horace T,, and Morris, G. Harris. 



Researches on the germination of some of 



the Gramineae. Jour. Chem. Soc, vol. 57, 



1890, pp. 458-528 (see especially p.i5i2). 



Healthy seeds contain no bacteria. 



1 890. Laurent, Emile. - Sur la reduction des nitrates 

 par Levurede Bi^reetparquelqueMoisissures. 

 Bull, de I'acad. Royale de Belgique, Tome xx, 

 1890, pp. 309 to 317. Also Bull. Soc. Roy. 

 de Botan. de Belgique, T. 28, p. 233. 

 Healthy seeds contain no bacteria. 



1890. Laurent, Emii,E. Experiences sur I'absence 



de bacteries, dans les vaisseaux des plantes. 

 Bull, de I'Academie Royal des Sciences, des 

 Lettres et Beaux-Arts de Belgique, 1890, sme 

 series, T. 1 9, pp. 468-47 1 . 

 1900. Weil, R. Die Entstehung des Solanins in den 

 Kartoffeln als Product bakterieller Einwirk- 

 ung. Pharmaceut, Ztz., 1900, No. 93, p. 901. 



1891. Kramer, Ernst. BakteriologischeUntersuchun- 



gen ueber die Nassfaule der KartoffelknoUen. 

 Oesterreichisches laudw. Centralb, I, Heft i, 

 1891. 



1892. Russell, H. L. Bacteria in their relation to 



vegetable tissue. Thesis, Johns Hopkins 

 University, 1892, 8vo., pp. 41. 



1892. WoHL, A. Ueber die Bildung des Lupulins 



und den Micrococcus Humuli Launensis. 

 Oesterr. landw. Centralb. 1892, from AUgem. 

 Brauer und Hopfenzeitung, 1892, No. 47. 

 1902. Ellrodt, Ueber das Eindringen von Bakterien 

 in Pflanzen. Centralb. f. Bakt., 2 Abt. Bd. 

 IX, 1902, p. 639. 



1893. Dixon, Henry H. On the germination of seeds 



in the absence of bacteria. [Read Dec. 21, 

 1892.] Scientific Trans, of the Royal Dublin 

 Society, vol. v (series 11), part i. May, 1893, 

 Dublin, pp. I to 4, I fig. Also a separate 4 

 pages. 



Experiments undertaken as a result of the erroneous state- 

 ment of Comeille and Babes. 



1894. KocHS, . Giebt es ein Zellenleben ohne 



Mikroorganismen? Biologisches Centralbl. 

 Bd. XVI, 1894, No. 14. Rev. in Centralbl. f. 

 Bakt., etc., Bd. xvi, 1894, pp. 633-634. 



The fact that plants can be grown to maturity from steril^ seed 

 in sterile vessels shows that plants can develop independently 



