18 A MANUAL OF MOSSES 



87. Stem and branch leaves similar; leaf-cells 



each with but one or rarely two papillae. Haplocladium, p. 253 

 88. Stem and branch leaves similar in 



size and shape Blodimn, p. 260 



88. Stem and branch leaves dissimilar. 

 89. Stems dendroid, upright from a creeping 



base; capsules clustered 90 



89. Stems prostrate or ascending with the 



capsules borne singly 91 



90. Cilia none; capsules erect and sym- 

 metric Climacium, p. 2io 



90. Cilia well developed, appendiculate; 



capsules inclined, unsymmetric .... Thamnium, p. 221 

 91. Cilia none; capsule symmetric and erect, 



or nearly so 92 



91. Cilia generally present and well de- 

 veloped; capsule unsymmetric, generally 

 more or less arcuate and recurved, some- 

 times almost erect 97 



92. Branches strongly complanate; 



leaves cultriform Homalia, p. 220 



92. Branches not strongly complanate; 



leaves ovate to lanceolate 93 



93. Segments adhering to the teeth; basal 



membrane none or obscure 94 



93. Segments free from the teeth 95 



94. Leaves costate; seta rough Homalotheciella, p. 330 



94. Leaves ecostate; seta smooth Pylaisia, p. 229 



95. Basal membrane broad and distinct Pylaisia, p. 229 



95. Basal membrane none or narrow 96 



96. Stem oval in cross-section ; capsule 

 3 mm. or more long; teeth of 

 peristome not hyaline-margined.... Bntodon, p. 224 

 96. Stem round; capsule not over 2.5 

 mm. long; teeth of peristome hya- 

 line-margined Platygyrinm, p. 227 



97. Stem mostly woody, often stoloniferous, 

 irregularly divided, the leafy branches 

 often more or less regularly pinnate; 

 leaves erect-spreading to squarrose, rare- 

 ly imbricated; cells narrowly prosenchy- 

 matous rarely parenchymatous, towards 

 the base more lax and often punctate; 

 costa various, but rarely almost percur- 

 rent; alar cells rounded or oval-4-to 6- 

 sided, forming a well defined group; teeth 

 and segments same length; basal mem- 

 brane wide; cilia usually well developed; 

 operculum rounded, conical-obtuse to 



short rostrate 99 \Hypnaceae\ 



97. Characters not combined as above.... 98 

 98. Slender plants with creeping stems: 

 leaves often secund or somewhat 

 complanate; costa none or double 

 and short; cells narrow, prosenchy- 

 matous; alar cells 3 to 8, large, in- 

 flated and pellucid; capsule small, 

 oval to oblong; operculum long and 

 slenderly rostrate Rhaphidostegium, p. 326 



