OF WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA 85 



hexagonal, about .010 mm. in diameter, incrassate, one or two 

 rows next the costa larger, the marginal row usually a little 

 paler, the costa at the apex widening and consisting of elong- 

 ate parenchymatous cells : seta about 8-14 mm. long, ilexu- 

 ous-ascending, smooth, yellowish-castaneous, arising near the 

 base of the plant ; capsule varying from sub-pendulo,us to erect, 

 oblong, slightly inflated on the back, smooth, about 1.5 mm. 

 long, tapering abruptly to the seta, castaneous to dark brown ; 

 peristome bright red-chestnut, the teeth inserted a little be- 

 low the mouth of the capsule, forked to below the middle, 

 the prongs very slender, trabeculate, somewhat spirally 

 papillose ; spores smooth, about .016-.017 mm. in diameter, 

 pate yellowish-pellucid ; operculum conic, obliquely rostrate to 

 about half the length of the capsule. ]^Iature in late fall or 

 winter. 



On damp clayey soil, eastern United .States, Europe, Asia, 

 Africa. 



Allegheny : Powers Run, April 17, 1908. O. E. J. 



Fayette : Ohio Pyle, September 1-3, 1906, and Cheat 



Haven, September 3-6, 1910. O. E. J. and 

 G. K. J. ; Ohio Pyle, June 14, 1908. O. E. J. 



McKean : Bennett, October 26, 1898, (Figured.) and 



Quintuple, March 30, 1898. D. A. B. 



Lawrence : Gorge of Conoquenessing above Rock 

 Point, October 15, 1910. O. E. J. and G. 

 K.J. 



9. Fissidens osmundioides [Swartz] Hedwig. 

 (Dicraiiiiin osmundioides Swartz). 



Densely tufted, 1-5 (-10) cm. high, dark green, tomen- 

 tose below with brown rhizoids : stems simple or sometimes 

 branched basally, erect ; leaves numerous, close but hardly im- 

 bricated, the apical ones the largest, oblong-lanceolate, se'rru- 

 kite towards the apex, non-bordered, usually rounded and 

 apiculate at apex, the sheath reaching from one-half to two- 

 thirds the leaf-length, inferior lamina often ceasing abruptly at 

 base and not decurrent ; costa ending just below the apex ; leaf- 

 cells oval- or rounded-hexagonal, large, about .OIO-.OISX 012 

 -.025 mm., incrassate, a single row at margin often paler, 

 pellucid, and a little smaller : seta terminal, yellowish to chest- 

 nut-red, about 5-10 mm. long; capsule narrow-oblong, sub- 

 erect to inclined, thick-walled, chestnut-brown or darker; 

 operculum conic with a needle-like usually straight beak nearly 

 as long as the urn ; calyptra cucullate or several-lobed at base ; 

 spores smooth, about .018-025 mm. Mature in midsummer. 



In swampy woods and along streams, quite widely dis- 

 tributed in the cooler portions of the Northern Hemisphere, 

 reachina: the northern United States. It occurs in Eastern 



