110 A MANUAL OF MOSSES 



Westmoreland : Shaly bank of stream, in Shades, Trafford 

 City, March 25, 1910. O. E. J. (Fig- 

 ured). 



2. Grimmia conferta Funck. 



Densely cespitose, in gray-green rounded cushions : stems 

 slender ; leaves lance-ovate to oblong, acuminate, opaque, apex 

 hyaline, denticulate ; costa strong, dorsally prominent, ending 

 at apex; basal leaf-cells rectangular to quadrate, the upper 

 smaller and rounded, ^all incrassate and dense : seta short ; 

 capsule immersed, ovate-globose, wide-mouthed, hemispheric 

 and somewhat wrinkled when dry; peristome-teeth light red- 

 dish-brown to orange, fragile, markedly cribrose ; annulus said 

 to be none ; lid wide, low-convex, apiculate ; spores mature in 

 spring. 



On rugged exposed rocks, Europe, Asia, and Africa, and, 

 in North America, from Nova Scotia to British Columbia 

 south to Idaho and Pennsylvania. 



Washington : Linn and Simonton. (Porter's Cata- 

 logue). 



3. Grimmia pennsylvanica Schwaegrichen. 

 (Griiiiinia pilifera Beauvois). 



Densely cespitose, dark green : stems 1 to 3 cm. high, 

 robust, rigid, bi^anching; leaves close, narrowly ovate-lanceo- 

 late, acuminate, concave, the apex rough, acute to short pilifer- 

 ous ; margins strongly recurved below and thickened above ; 

 basal leaf-cells linear-rectangular 3-6:1, thin-walled, hyaline 

 to yellow-pellucid, shortlj' above base the cells incrassate- 

 sinuous, short-rectangular, the upper rounded-quadrate to 

 hexagonal, small, incrassate, very dark; costa strong ending 

 in apex ; perichsetial leaves piliferous : seta about half as long 

 as urn, capsule more or less completely immersed, oblong- 

 ovate, smooth, even when dry, lid conic-rostrate, about three- 

 fifths as long as urn, erect ; annulus large ; peristome-teeth 

 large, broadly lanceolate, irregularly split and cribrose to 

 about the middle, castaneous pellucid ; calyptra lobed, mitrate ; 

 spores mature in the autumn but often not shed till spring: 

 dioicous. 



On moist rocks in woods, Japan and, in North America, 

 from Nova Scotia to Georgia and Minnesota, and in Mexico. 

 Reported in our region only from Painesville, Ohio. (W. C. 

 Werner.) 



4. Grimmia laevigata (Bridel) Bridel. 

 (G. campestris Burch. ; G. leucophaea Greville). 

 Cespitose loosely in wide, dull green tufts ; hoary above : 

 stems stout, branched ; leaves close, larger towards top of stem. 



