112 A MANUAL OF MOSSES 



a. Upper leaf-cells elongate; shoots appearing nodose with short 

 lateral branches. c. 



b. Leaves Ungulate, leaf-apex broad, rounded. 



I. R. aciculare 

 b. Leaves lanceolate-acuminate, at ape.x hyaline-acuminate. 



2. R. microcarpum. 



c. Leaf-apex obtuse, non-hyaline. (R. fasciculare [Schra- 



der] Bridel.) 

 c. Leaf-apex hyaline, acuminate to piliferous. 



3. R. ericoides. 



1. Rhacomitrium aciculare [Linnaeus] Bridel. 



(Dicramim aciculare Hedwig). 



(Plate XIV) 



Cespitose in coarse tufts, dark dull green to blackish: 

 stems long", up to 6 or 8 cm. long, stout, branching by short 

 innovations, radiculose below ; leaves erect-spreading, stiffly 

 imbricate when dry, large, up to 1 mm. wide by 2.5 mm. long, 

 broadly ovate-oblong, usually somewhat plicate at the base, 

 the margin usually revolute, the apex broadly obtuse, denticu- 

 late to entire, non-hyaline, the upper margin usually thick- 

 ened ; costa strong, ending below apex ; leaf-cells densely yel- 

 lowish-pellucid, incrassate, sub-papillose, the upper sub- 

 quadrate to rounded-hexagonal and in two layers at the mar- 

 gin, the basal elongate-rectangular to linear, markedly sinuose- 

 incrassate, at the margin sub-quadrate, the alar a little larger, 

 quadrate : seta erect, straight, about 10-12 mm. long ; capsule 

 dark brown, erect, obiong-cylindric to elliptic, smooth, with 

 narrow mouth ; peristome-teeth cleft to below the middle into 

 2 or 3 unequal divisions ; lid aciculate-rostrate or subulate, al- 

 most as long as urn ; calyptra smooth, long-rostrate, mitrate, 

 lobed, covering only the top of capsule ; annulus rather large, 

 revoluble ; spores mature in spring ; fruit rarely found. 



On wet, shaded, non-calcareous rocks in hilly or moun- 

 tainous country, in Europe, Africa, and, in North America, 

 from Alaska to Labrador south to California and Alabama. 

 Occurs in northern West Virginia and as follows : 



Cambria: : James. (Porter's Catalogue). 



Fayette : Ohio Pyle, in crevices of rock along the 



Youghiogheny river near the Falls, Sep- 

 tember 1-3, 1906. O. E. J. and G. K. J. 

 (Figured). 



2. Rhacomitrium microcarpum (Hedwig) Bridel, not Schrader. 



(Rhacomitrium sudeticum Bryologia Europasa ; Trichostomum 

 microcarpum Hedwig). 



Loosely cespitose, dull or yellowish-green above : stem 

 slender with ascending branches, 2-5 cm. high ; lea^'es divari- 

 cately spreading, erect when dry, narrowly lanceolate, linear- 



