166 A MANUAL OF MOSSES 



9. Mnium stellate [Reichenbach] Hedwig. 



(Plate XXII) 

 Densely cespitose, soft, deep or bluish-green : stems erect, 

 usually 1-3 cm. high, branching at base ; leaves gradually larg- 

 er above, elliptic-oblong, to suborbicular below, slightly de- 

 current, rounded and acute at apex to obtuse-apiculate, non- 

 bordered, the upper part of the leaf obtusely irregularly short 

 serrate ; costa thin, ending considerably below the apex, 

 smooth on back; leaf-cells incrassate, angular, irregular to 

 hexagonal or subquadratie, fairly uniform in size, about .020- 

 .030 mm.; seta solitary; capsule horizontal to inclined, ob- 

 long ; lid conic-convex ; peristome yellowish : dioicous ; anther- 

 idial flower discoid : mature in summer. 



At the base of trees or on rocks in swampy woods in tem- 

 perate Europe, Asia, and North America, through lower 

 Canada and northern United States. This species rarely fruits 

 and all specimens from Pennsylvania thus far have been sterile. 

 Allegheny : lender side of rocks in crevices. Fern Hol- 



low, Pittsburgh, March 9, 1908. O. E. J. 

 McKean : Rutherford Run, March 12, 1894, and 



Quintuple, September 9, 1894, and No- 

 vember 13, 1896. D. A. B. 

 Washington : North Branch of Maple Creek, above 

 Charleroi, April 24, 1908. O. E. J. (Fig- 

 ured). 



10. Mnium punctatum [I.innseus] Hedwig. 



(Plate XXIII) 

 Rather large, dark green, erect, loosely tufted, 1-3 inches 

 high: stems rigid, dark, densely tomentose nearly to the apex; 

 dioicous ; leaves remote, forming at the apex a rosette and 

 largest there, spreading, the lower smaller, rounded-ovate, the 

 terminal about 4-SX&-9 mm., broadly obovate, all narrowed 

 to a few cells at the base, entire, apex usually apiculate, often 

 somewhat emarginate-apiculate, bordered by a cartilaginous- 

 thickened purplish-brown-pellucid rim of about 2-S rows of 

 elongate incrassate cells ; costa strong, usually terminating or 

 percurrent in the apiculus, or sometimes ceasing just below 

 the apex; median cells rounded- to elongate-hexagonal, about 

 .03O-.040X.O50-.085 mm., incrassate, the basal rather larger, 

 rectangular, slightly inflated, the apical smaller, irregularly 

 angular: seta 2-3 cm. long, erect, flexuous, purplish-brown, 

 rather lustrous ; capsule sub-pendulous, oval-oblong, yellowish 

 to brown when old, finally when dry somewhat sulcate ; oper- 

 culum conic, acutely rostrate ; peristome-teeth yellowish- 

 brown, pellucid, papillose, trabeculate; segments nearly as 

 high, brownish-pellucid, finely papillose, the basal membrane 



