178 A MANUAL OF MOSSES 



cells rather thin-walled, rectangular, up to .060-.080X-015-.018 

 mm., pale, pellucid, towards the margins and upwards becom- 

 ing shorter, more incrassate, papillose at the ends, the median 

 and upper leaf-cells becoming quadrate to 2-4 times as wide as 

 long, strongly papillose at their upper ends, incrassate, pel- 

 lucid : capsule not seen but said to be large and similar to that 

 of P. fontana: perigonial leaves widely ovate and linear-acumi- 

 nate : spores mature in summer, but the capsules rather rarely 

 produced. In vegetative characters this species is difficult to 

 differentiate from forms of P. fontana or from P- seriata. 



In calcareous bogs and springs, Europe, Asia, Algeria, and, 

 in North America., from New England to Pennsylvania and 

 Nevada. Uncommon in our region. 



Clinton : In roadside ditch, north of Renovo, July 



15, 1908. O. E. J. (Figured). 



Huntingdon : Warrior's Ridge, T. C. Porter. (Porter's 

 Catalogue). 



3. Philonotis fontana [Linnaeus] Bridel. 



{Mnium' fontanmil Linnaeus; Bartramia fontana Swartz). 



(Plate XXV) 



Cespitose, yellowish-green, sometimes quite glaucous, 

 loose above but interwoven below with a reddish-brown felt- 

 like tomentum : stems erect, reddish, slender, usually 2-6 cm. 

 high, densely fulvous-radiculose below, the innovations usual- 

 ly whorled and giving the plants the appearance of being 

 pleurocarpous ; leaves about 1.5-2 mm. long, lance-ovate, 

 acuminate, appressed when dry, usually quite plicate on each 

 side of the costa near the base, serrate above, usually more or 

 less revolute towards the base ; costa strong, often percurrent 

 or even excurrent ; basal cells elongate-rectangular to elongate- 

 hexagonal, loose, pale pellucid, about .008-.012(-.015) mm. 

 wide, the end-walls often papillose, the cells in the acumen 

 linear-vermicular, incrassate and more or less papillose at both 

 ends; perigonial leaves spreading, broadly triangular-ovate, 

 the inner often obtuse and rounded at the apex, the costa not 

 reaching the apex: seta dark red, 2-4.5 cm. long; capsule 

 ovate-globose, large, brownish, thick-walled, striate, oblong, 

 when dry and empty arcuate and irregularly ribbed ; operculum 

 conic-convex, acute ; peristome-teeth reddish-brown, pellucid, 

 lanceolate ; peristome-segments nearly as long as teeth, nar- 

 row, carinately gaping, cilia three (two) about as long as 

 segments ; spores very slightly papillose, incrassate, yellowish- 

 brown, about .019-023 mm., usually mature in June. 



Water-loving mosses usually avoiding calareous habitats, 

 on dripping rocks or in swamps and wet places. Cosmopolitan 

 and occurring in North America throughout, from Canada to 



