iGarpesvmi.] lxxviii. composim!. (J. D. Hooker.) 301 



One of the commonest and most variable Himalayan plants, and often a pest to the 

 traveller from the glandular achenes ad'heidng to the clothes ; ' it grows 1-3 ft. high. 

 The following often very distinct-looking varieties graduate into one another in the 

 most perplexing way, and lender it very doubtful if C. tracheUoides should be kept 

 distinct. 



Vab. 1. cemmrnn proper ; stem and branches pubescent often more or less cottony, 

 leaves subsessile elliptic, heads ^-| in. rarely 1 in. diam. with large leafy bracts at 

 the base. C. cemuum, DC. 'ProSir. vi. '281 ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, iii. '214; Lamk. Ml. t. 

 696, f. 1. C. aepaleiBSe, Lms. in Limusa, vi. 234; BC. I.e. C. pubescens, Wall. Cat. 

 SWS; DC. I.e. — ^Himalaya and Khasia Mts. 



Vak. 2. ^UmMiosa, Berb Mi. Or. H. f. & T. ; Clairke Comp. Ind. 130 ; usually 

 hirsute oir vSlow, lower amd often cauline leaves also long petioled and ovate or cordate, 

 heads as in var. 1. — Hima,laya and Khasia Mts., asaending to 13,090 ft. in Sikkim. — 

 There is every gradation between specimens with long petioled cordate-ovate leaves 

 and tjiese of vaz. 1. 



Vas. 3. aUagiiwtmi, Olarke Comp. Ind. 131 ; hirsute or villous, leaves subsessile 

 elliptic or ovaite-lanoeQlate, ieads ^1 in. diam,, invQlucre villous. 0. nepalense, 

 Wight Ic. t. 1J20. Oiospermum? Wightianum, DC. Prodr. vi. 11 ; Deless. Ic. Set. iv. 

 t. 1.— Nilgherry Mts., alt. 7-8000 ft. 



Vae. 4. lanata, Herb. Ind. Or. H. f. & T. ; robiist, stem branches and leaves 

 densely woolly or cottony with White hairs, heads 1 in. diam., involucre villous. 

 Clarke Comp. hid. 1304, tsscl. »yn. — Sikkim, alt. 4^6000 ft. ; Khasia Mts. 



Var. 5. pedmiKftdma, Clarke 1. c. ; glabrous or sparsely hairy, leaves large ovate 

 with winged petioles, heads ^-J in. diam. on very long stiff naked peduudes, invol. 

 bracts glabrate. 0. pedunculosum. Wall. Cat. 3200; DC. Prodr. vi. 281. — Kumaon, 

 Minhxarth ; Simla, alt. .6-8000 ft., Thomson. 



Yas.. 6. oiliatvm ; stem and "branches very slender pubescent, leaves very small |-1 

 in. shortly petioled etUptic-Divalte or lanceolate sparsely hairy above pubescent beneath, 

 heads ^ in. diam. 0. cjlisltuiB, Wall. Cat. 3214. — ^Travancore, Heirb. Boitl. 



Vas. 7. iShiffithii ; stem wd branches .tomentose, leaves petioled linear 2 by ^ in. 

 quite entire hirsute on hoth surfaces, heads ^ in. with narrow suhteuding leaves, invol. 

 bracts few ianer glabrous. — Mishmi hills, Griffith ,(a fragment only). 



2. C. tradieUfollum, Less, in lAnruea, vi. 233; slender, pubescent 

 hirsute or glalrrate, lower leaves long-petioled ovate-cordate sinuate-toothed or 

 lobulate, upper floral suhsessile ovate or elliptic-lanceolate serrate or entire, 

 heads Teiy small ^-r^-ifl, rarely imore fiometimea subracemose, invol. bracts very 

 few glabrous. DG. Prud/r. m. ,282. 0. cemuum, var. trachelifolium, Clarke 

 Comp. Ind. 131. 



Tempbeate Sdsoxata ; from Kashmir, alt. -5-7000 ft., to Sikkim, alt. 7-10,000 ft. 



This has the leaves of -<7. cemmmi, var. gkmdu'losu/m,'bTit has very small >head8,>and 

 is in its common state diflerent in habit, sometimes approaching C. abrotanpides. It 

 holds its characters so much more constantly than do aoiy of the varieties of cemtimn, 

 and eovfirs so great an area, that I keep it distinct. 



3. C. abrotanoldes, Linn.;, Boiss. Fl. Orient, iii. 215; branches long 

 Render, leaves subsessile lanceolate acuminate quite eintire or serrate, heads :j^ in. 

 dia<in. subsessile 'iwiemoseljr secund along the leafy branches horizontal or nod- 

 ding, invol. bracts broadly oblong obtuse. DC. Prodr. vi. 282 ; Larrik. HI. t. 

 696 ; Clarke Comp. Ind. 131. C. racemosum, Wall. Cat. 3201, in part ; DC. I. c. 

 Amphiraphis Wightiana, Wall Cat. ^gSS. Oompos., TTaU. Cat. 7622. 



Tempbeate Holalata ; from Kashmir, alt. 6-10,000 ft., to Sikkim, silt. 8-10,000 

 ft. — DiSTBiB. N. Persia, to Austria. Japau, and China. 



Astoutherb, 2-4 ft. high, pubescent or glabrate; branches leafy to the tips. Leaves 

 3-5 in., never truly petioled. Heads inserted along the whole length of the branches, 

 in or above the leafy axils, or in short axillary racemes, yellow. — Used to dye. silk in 

 Sia,Bhnai-(Steu)ari). 



