Werneria.] lxxtiii. compositj;. (J. D. Hooker.) 357 



the subtnrbinate base of the involucre ; bracvs variable in width ; ligules yellow. — 

 This is not a native of Scind, as stated in the Genera Plantaium, Stock's specimens 

 being collected in Beluchistau. 



81. WERNERIA, H. B. ^ K. 



Characters of Senecio, hut heads (of the Indian species) ■without outer basal 

 "bracts, and the invol. bracts connate below into a cup. — Disielb. Species about 

 17 Andean, and 1 Abyssinian. 



1. VT. nana, Benth. in Oen. PI. 451 ; leaves small eUiptic-ovate or orbicular 

 obtuse quite entire, ligules not tnuch exceeding the densely woolly involucre. 

 Ligularia nana, Dene in Jacq. Voy. Bot. 91, t. 99 ; Clarke Comp. Ivd. 210. 



Western Tibet ; Kiobrung Ghat, Jacquemwit ; Eajhote (N. of Kumaon), alt. 16,000 

 ft., Strach. % Wint. 



Stem simple, stout, 4-6 in. high from a creeping rootstock, base with a membra^ 

 nous sheath. Radical leaves ^1 in., broadly oblong or suborbicular, on long stout 

 petioles, thick, quite entire, nerves very obscure ; cauline 2-3, .|-amplexicaul, concave 

 and sheathing below. Head solitary, erect, 1-ly in. diam., subhemispheric ; peduncle 

 stout; involucre very densely woolly; bracts about 16, united halfway up, obtuse, 

 glabrous and veined within ; ligules yellow, 3-nerved ; style-arms linear, ^-cylindrio, 

 obtuse. Achenes glabrous ; pappus rather scanty, \ in. long, white. 



2. W. Ellisii, Hook. f. ; leaves large elliptic obtuse toothed, ligules twice 

 as long as the woolly and hairy involucre. 



Western Himalaya ; Ohumba, R. Ellis. 



Soot tuberous with very thick fibres. Leaves very coriaceous, 3-5 by 2-2^ in., 

 quite glabrous ; nerves numerous, spreading ; base narrowed into the very stout flesu- 

 ous petiole 2-3 in. long. Scape with 2-3 shorter-petioled smaller leaves, tomentose, 

 and, like the broad involucre, densely villous with black cellular curly hairs ; head 2J 

 in. diam. ; invol. bracts about 16, connate to above the middle, ovate-lanceolate, acute ; 

 ligules 1 in. S<yZ«-nrats with broad conical tips. Achenes gl^hrous ; pappus copious, 

 \ in., white, reddish at the base. — In the connate invol. bracts this and W. nana tech- 

 nically accord with the genus Wem^ria, but in many respects they seem to approach 

 both to Setiecio, sect. Ligularia, and to Cremanthodmm, differing from the former in 

 foliage, and from the latter in the erect heads. 



TbibeYIII. CAIiEZTDUIiACE^. 



82. CAI.ENX»UXiA, JUnn. 



Annual or perennial herbs. Leaves alternate, entire or sinuate-toothed. 

 Heads terminal, peduncled, heterogamous, I'ayed, yeUow or orange ; ray-fl. $ , 

 1-2-seriate, fertile, ligules entire or S-toothed ; disk-fl. g , sterile, tubular, limb 

 dilated shortly 5-fld. Involucre broad ; bracts 1-2-seriate, linear, acuminate, 

 subequal, margin often scarious ; receptacle flat, naked. Anther-bases sagittate, 

 auricles acuminate or tailed. Style-arms of g undivided. Achenes glabrous, of 

 the ray incurved, 2-3-seriate, heteromorphous, outermost often empty, the next 

 broader often winged, inner shorter ; of the disk slender, empty ; pappus 0.^ 

 DiSTKTB. Species about 10, S. Europe, N. Africa, and "W. Asia. 



1. C. officinalis, Linn.; DC. Prodr. vi. 461; annual, erect, hispidly 

 pubescent, lower leaves apathulate quite entire, upper lanceolate base cordate- 

 amplexicaul toothed or suhentire, achenes all curved boat-shaped dorsally muri- 

 cate not beaked, outer larger ventraUy crested scarcely beaked. Clarke Comp. 

 Ind. 210; Bot. Mag. t. 3204. 



Fields in the Punjab and Scind, scarcely indigenous; Peshawur, Aitchison. — Dis- 

 TiOB. Affghanistan, and westward to S. Europe. 



