Gerlera.] lxxyiii. composite. (J. D. Hooker.) 891 



braets, quite glabrous achenes, and pale pappus. Clarke observes tbat the female 

 plant produces strictly cleistauthous heads with minute filiform eorollas on shorter 

 later peduncles. Not distinguished by Bentham (^Gen. Fl. ii. 498) from Wallich's 

 Arnica nivea, -which is Q. nivea, Benth. 



** Ligules 0. 



fi. Ct. macrophylla, Benth. in Gen. Plant, ii. 497 ; leaves large long- 

 petioled sagittate abruptly acumiDate denticulate appressedly cottony (rarely 

 glabrous) beneath sometimes pinnatifid at the base, scape cottony ebracteate, 

 invol. bracts acute glabrous, outer ovate, inner linear-lanceolate, achenes slender 

 beaked almost glabrous, pappus white. Clarke Cmnp. Ind. 260. Ohaptalia 

 maxima, Don Prodi: 166. Bernieria nepalensis, DC. Prodr. vii. 18 ; Ddess. Ic. 

 Sel. iv. t. 77. Tussilago macrophylla, TFall. Cat. 2089. Perdicimn semifloscii- 

 lare, Sam. mss. in Don Prodr. 



Temperate Himalaya; from Garwhal to Bhotan, alt. 6-7000 ft. (to 10,000, 

 Clarke). Khasia Mts. ; alt. 4-6000 ft. 



Crown of rootstock and young leaves woolly. Leaves 6-12 by 2J-7 in. ; base 

 truncate or cordate, angles acute obtuse or rounded, when pinnatifid lobes irregular, 

 rarely more than 1 or 2 pairs, oblong, reaching as far as the margin of the terminal 

 loljB, horizontal or deflexed, sometimes remote from the blade; petiole 3-12 in., 

 cottony. Scape 6-18 in. Heads l-lj in. diam.; invol. bracts pale or coloured; 

 corolla i-f in. long. Achenes |-J in., obscurely puberulous, strongly ribbed ; pappus 

 dirty-white or reddish, nearly | in. long. 



Vae. glahrata ; leaves glabrous beneath. — Sikkim and Khasia. 



Tbibe XL— cxchorxaces:. 



103. CXCKORXUSO;, Linn. 



Erect, glabrous or hispid herbs with divaricate sometimes spinescent branches. 

 Leaves, upper subentire, lower pinnatifid. Heads sessile on the branches or on 

 thickened peduncles, homogamous, blue ; fl. all ligulate. Invol. bracts, inner 

 1-seriate, at length concave at the base with the outer flowers in the concavity, 

 outer few shorter ; receptacle flat, naked or subfijnbrillate. Achenes glabrous, 

 sub-6-angled, or the outer subcompressed and oo -ribbed or striate, base cou- 

 tra,cted, tip truncate or the margin slightly produced ; pappus pales short, 2-3- 

 seriate. — Distkib. Species 3 ; temperate regions of the old world. 



1. C. Xntybus, lAnn. ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, iii. 715 : perennial, stem and leaf- 

 nerves beneath hispid, leaves runcinate, heads solitary and terminal and axillary 

 clustered, invol. bracts glandular-hispid much shorter than the corolla, pappus 

 pale obtuse very short. DC. Prodr. vii. 84; Clarice Camp. Ind. 250. 0. Cosnia, 

 Samin Wall. Cat. 3241. 



NoETH Westben India; Kumaon (cult, or an escape?). — Disteie. Westward to 

 the Atlantic. 



Boot fleshy, tapering. Stem 1-3 ft., angled and grooved ; branches rigid, spread- 

 ing. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, upper cordate-amplexicaul. Heads 1-lJ in. diam., 

 peduncle thickened in the middle; invol. bracts herbaceous; ligules bright blue, 

 rarely white or pink, truncate, 5-toothed. Achenes angled, pale, mottled. — The 

 specimens are very indifferent and include some of the cultivated variety C. Endina 

 (the garden Endive), which is more glabrous. 



104. Z.A.FSANA, Linn. 



Erect herbs. Leaves alternate, toothed or the lower pinnatifid. Heads 

 small, loosely corymbose or panicled, yeUow, homogamous ; fl. all ligulate. 



