392 Lxxviii. composite;. (J. D. Hooker.) [Lajpsa7ia. 



Involucre cylindric-campanulate ; inner tracts subeq^ual, lierljaceous, fruitiDj^ 

 harder and more convex or keeled, erect, outer few small; receptacle flat, 

 naked. Achenes oblanceolate, curved sutterete, 20-30-ribbed, ribs slender, 

 base narrowed, top rounded ; pappus 0. — Distmb, Species 3-4, European and 

 Asiatic. 



1. Xi. communis, Linn,; Boiss. Fl. Orient, iii. 720; annual, glabrous or 

 hispid below, stem paniculately branched leafy, lower leaves petioled lyrate, 

 cauline ovate uppermost linear entii-e, heads corymbose j in. long glabrous, DC. 

 Prodr. vii. 76 ; ReicKb. Ic. Fl. Germ. xix. t. 1352 ; Clm-Jce Comp. Ind. 250. 



Kashmir ; alt. 5-6000 ft. — Disteib. N. & W. Asia, Europe, N. Africa. 



Stem 1-2 ft. Leaves membranous, terminal lobe of radical sinuate-toothed, 

 lateral small. Heads many; pcdunelo short, slender, naked; invol, bracts 8-10, 

 linear, rigid, keeled, obtuse, glabrous or glandular. Ackcnes ^ in., pale, shining. 



105. ZS.a:i.FZMZA, Pall. 



A glabrous or puberulous weak annual. Leaves chiefly radical, linear, quite 

 entire. Heads small, peduncled, yellow, homogamous ; fl. all ligulate. 

 Involucre cylindric ; bracts 6-7, narrow, subequal, thin, base at length keeled, 

 outer very few, small ; receptacle naked. Achenes very long, much exceeding 

 the bracts, spreading and incurved, narrowly linear, ribbed, dorsal ribs with 

 rows of glochidiate spines. 



1. K. linearis, Pall. ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, iii. 721 ; I)C. Prodr. vii. 78 ; 

 Jaub. Sr Spark III. PI. Orient, t. 286 ; Clarice Comp. Ind. 721. Rhagadiolus 

 Koelpinia, Willd. Lapsana Kcelpinia, lAnn. 



The Punjab, Kashmik and Western Tibet; alt. 2-14,000 ft., Jacquemont, &c. — 

 DiSTEiB. Central and "Western Asia, N. Africa, S. Eussia. 



Boot slender. Stem 6-12 in., erect or decumbent, simple or branched, leafy. 

 Leaves 2-6 by i-i jn.^ gradually narrowed at both ends. Heads \-\ in. Achenes 

 ^-^ in., incurved like birds' claws, puberulou.s, terminal spines stellate. — In some 

 Affghan specimens the dorsal spines are almost suppressed. 



106. RKAGADXOX.US, Juss. 



Annual. Leaves toothed or pinnatifid. Heads small, axillary in the forks 

 or terminal, yellow, homogamous, fl. all ligulate. Involucre subcampanulate ; 

 bracts l-seriate, at length keeled and embracing the outer achenes ; receptacle 

 naked. Achenes very lorg, much exceeding the bract.<!, incurved, nan-ow, 

 smooth, beaked, outer with a short pappus, inner with a paleaceous pappuia. — 

 DisiEiB. Species 5, Mediterranean and Oriental. 



1. B. XZedypnois, Fisch ^- Mey. Ind. iv. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 48; glabrous 

 or sparsely hispid, diffvise, leaves obovate-oblong, stem and peduncles thickened 

 in fruit, achenes glabrous. DC. Prodr. vii. 78. Gastradiolus Hedypnois and 

 angulosus, Jaub. ^- Spach 111. PI. Orient, iii. t. 204, 205; Boiss. Fl. Orient, iii. 

 723. 



Kashmik, Falconer. — Disteib. Westwards to Asia Minor. 



Branches 2-8 in., all spreading from the root. Leaves 1-3 in., narrowed into the 

 petiole. Heads |-J in. ; invol. bracts small, subspinulose or smooth in fruit. Achates 

 l-^ in., narrowed from the base to the incurred tip, terete, smootli. 



107. FXCZIIS, Linn. 



Erect, branched, hispid herbs. Leaves alternate or radical, entire toothed or 

 pinnatifid. Heads terminal, long-peduncled, homogamous, yeUow ; fl. all ligu- 



