404) Lxxviii. COMPOSITE. (J. D. Hooker.) [^Ladnea. 



3. It. orlentalis, £oiss. Fl. Orient, iii. 819 ; perennial, glabrous, branches 

 wMte with green wings, leaves small decurrent, lower pinnatifid with spreading 

 or incurved triangular acute entire or toothed lobes, upper linear entire elliptic 

 or oblanceolate, heads ^ in. long in spiked fascicles sessile, achenes narrow 

 equalling the silvery deciduous pappus. L. viroinea, Clarhe Comp. Ind. 263, 

 not of Sehultz-Sip. Phenopus orientalis, Bom. Voy. en Esp. 890, in note. 



Western Tibet; alt. 10-14,000 ft, Falconer, &c. — Disteib. "Westward to Syria 

 and Armenia. 



A much intricately tranched shrubby herb, the branches often spinescent, con- 

 spicuous from the silvery trhite branches being winged by the decurrent bases of tl)e 

 leaves, the blades of most of which are undeveloped. Leaves 1-2 in., bright green. 

 Heads solitary or in fascicles of 2-5. Achenes ^ in., narrowed to both ends from the 

 middle or a little above it, pale. — Affghan specimens have smaller heads and achenes 

 than the Tibetan. The habit is that of L. ramosissima, Gren. & Godr. (Keichb. lo. 

 Fl. Germ. H19), but the achene is very different. 



Sect. III. Herbs with radical leaves and erect rarely spreading (L. Clarhei) 

 leafy flowering-stems. Heads panicled, erect, rarely fascicled or drooping ; 

 peduncle bracteate ; outer invol. bracts gradually passing into the inner ; ligules 

 yellow blue or pui-ple. Achenss beaked ; pappus silvery. (SCAEIOIA.) 



* Seak of achene capillary, white. 



4. Zi. Scariola, Linn. ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, iii. 809 ; annual or biennial, 

 glabrous, taU, erect, very leafy, corymbosely or paniculately branched above, 

 leaves suberect sessile runcinate-pinnatiiid spinulose-toothed midrib prickly 

 beneath, cauline J-amplexicaul sagittate, heads J in. long erect cylindric few-fld. 

 panicled glabrous, outer invol. bracts triangular inner linear, achenes oblanceo- 

 late many-ribbed ribs scabiid beak capillary about equalling the body. DC. 

 Prodr. vii. 137 ; Eeiclib. Ic. Fl. Germ. t. Ii21. 



Western Himalaya ; from ilarri to Kunawur, alt. 6-1 1 ,000 ft. Wksteen Tibet; 

 alt. 9-12,000 ft. — DiSTRiB. Siberia and westwards to the British Isles and Canaries. 



Stem 2-5 ft., somewhat prickly. Leaves 6-7 in., smooth except the midrib and 

 nerves beneath. Inflorescence variable, sometimes 12 in. diam., with incurved ascend- 

 ing corymbose branches, at others laxly paniculate ; branches and peduncles white, 

 with many appressed green cordate bracts. Invol. bracts ovate, inner linear ; ligules 

 yellow or dull-reddish outside. Achenes ^ in., including the very slender beak, 

 ribbed, pale ; pappus f in. — Not a Nipal plant, as stated by Clarke. I have seen no 

 specimen from east of the Sutlej. 



Var. saliva ; more succulent, quite smooth, leaves spreading pinnatifid or entire, 

 branches of panicle shorter with more numerous bracts, achenes black. Clarice 

 Comp. Ind. 263. L. sativa Linn.; DC. Prodr. vii. 138; Serb. Fl. Ind. iii. 40^; 

 Eeichb. Ic. Fl. Germ, t. 1421. L. bracteata and sativa, Wall. Cat. 3243, 3244 B. 

 — The garden lettuce, cultivated throughout India. 



5. Ii. undulata, Ledeb. Fl. Alt. iv. 156 ; Ic. Fl. Boss. t. 129 ; annual, 

 glabrous or glaucous, stem short dichotomously branched from the base leaf}', 

 radical leaves sessile pinnatifid lobes entire or sparingly toothed, cauline J-am- 

 plexicaul base dilated or auricled, heads 1 in. long narrow erect peduncled 

 cylindric few-fld., outermost invol. bracts small inner unequal very slender 

 obtuse, achenes oblanceolate transversely rugose margins scabrid, beak capillary 

 3-4 times as long as the body. Boiss. Fl. Orient, iii. 813 ; DC. Prodr. vii. 135 ; 

 Clarhe Comp. Ind, 263. 



Western Tibet; alt. 9-12,000 ft, Thomson. Salt Eange; Fleming. — Distrib. 

 Siberia, Soongaria, and westwards to Arabia. 



Habit of a Senecio of the Jacobtsa section, 6-10 in. high, succulent. Leaves 2-3 

 in., dark green. Heads subcorymbose or terminal ou the branches ; ligules white 

 pink or blueish. Achenes including the capillary beak ^-J in. long, much compressed 



