418 Lxxviii. compositj:. (J. D. Hooker.) ITrago^ogon. 



Leaves 3-10 by i-J in., base dilated. Scape 1- rarely 2-3-fld , not thickened under 

 tlie head. Invol. bracts J-1 J in. long. Achenes beak not long nor slender. 



2. T. pratense, Linn. ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, iii. 747 ; glabrous, stem usually 

 branched and leafy, leaves gradually narrowed from a broad sheathing base, 

 peduncle hardly thickened under the head, invol. bracts about 8 equalling or 

 exceeding the yellow ligules, achenes long-beaked muricate. DC. Prodr. vii. 

 113. 



Western Himaiata and Westeen Tibet; alt. 12-14,000 ft., Thomson, &c. — 

 DisTEiB. Westward to the Atlantic. 



Stem 6-24 in., leafy, often stout. Leaves J-^ in. diam. about the middle. Invol. 

 bracts J-3 in. long. Achenes | to nearly 1 in., beak equalling or shorter than the 

 body, very slender. 



3. T. porrifolium, Zinn. ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, iii. 745 ; glabrous or 

 cottony, stem usually branched and leafy, leaves gradually narrowed from 'a. 

 very broad sheathing base, peduncle much inflated under the head, invol. bracts 

 about 8 exceeding the purple ligules, achenes long-beaked muricate. DC. 

 Prodr. vii. 113. 



Westehx Tibet ; Falconer. Simla ; in cultivated places, Thoinson. — Disteib. 

 Westwards to the Mediterranean. 



Habit of T. pratense, distinguished by the swollen peduncle and purple ligules ; 

 the achenes are 1 in. long in Tibetan specimens and much murica,ted. 



120. SCORZONERA, Linn. 



Perennial, rarely annual herbs. Leaves alternate or radical, entire lobed or 

 pinnatisect. Heads large, long-peduncled, yellow, homogamous; fl. all ligulate. 

 Involucre eylindric or campanulate ; bracts oo -seriate, thinly herbaceous, acute 

 or the inner acuminate, outer gradually (rarely suddenly) smaller ; receptacle 

 naked or pitted, rarely villous. Achenes linear, subterete or the outer angled, 

 00 -ribbed, rarely 2-3-winged, basal areole broad, hoUowed; pappus haira 

 00 -seriate, unequal, serrulate or feathery, 5-10 usually longer and with simple 

 (hot feathery) tips. — Disieib. Species about 100, Europe, N. Africa, W. and 

 Oentr. Asia. 



Seci. I. Ziu Scorzonera. Achenes terete or angled, not winged. 



1. S< divaricata, Turcz.; DC. Prodr. vii. 125; glabrous, stem slender 

 simple or branched, leaves slender curved, heads eylindric, invol. bracts 4^8 

 3-4-seriate glabrous or pubescent, ligules yellow, achenes f in. very slender 

 longer than the pappus smooth. Clarke Comp. Ind. 278. S. virgata, DC. I. c,f 

 S.RoyleijDC.l.c. 



Westeen Himalaya; from Kashmir to Kunawur ; and Westeen Tibet; alt. 

 9-15,000 ft,. Falconer, &c.^Disteib. Mongolia. 



Boot woody. Stem branched from the base or above only, rarely simple, grooved, 

 branches divaricate. Leaves 2-6 by ^L_a. in., margins incurved. Heads 1-1 J in.; 

 5-8-fld. ; outer invol. bracts short, broad, inner long linear. Aehenes pale, smooth, 

 striate ; pappus hairs feathery below. 



2. S. purpurea, Linn.; Boiss. Fl. Orient, iii. 768; glabrous or sparsely 

 woolly, stem slender, leaves narrowly linear shorter than the stem, heads few 

 large eylindric, invol. bracts imbricate pubescent outermost ovate inner lanceo- 

 late shorter than the purple ligules, achenes angled shorter than the pappus, 

 ribs rugose. 



Kashmie; Banahal, alt. 8000 ft., Thomson. — Distrib. A^ia Minor. 



I have seen only 2 specimens, from Kashmir, which want the tufts of fibres at the 



