438 Lxxx. CAiiPANULACEiB. (0. B. Clarke.) ISpJienoelea, 



alternate •witli its segments, filaments akpvt .linear ; anthers ovatg. .. Ovary at 

 first inferior, 2-celled; ovules very many on stalked placentas; style short, 

 stigma obscurely S-lobed. Capilule ^-inferior, membranous below; crown 

 superior, depressed, conical, circumsciss, bard. Seeds vetj many, narrowly 

 oblong ; teste somewhat lax. 



1. S. zeylanlca, Gaertn. Fmct. i. 113, t. 24, fig. 5 ; Roxh. Fl. Ind. i. 507; 

 Wall. Cat. 1616 ; Kun in Journ. As. Soe. 1877, ii. 209. S. Pongalium, A. DC. 

 Pi-odr. vii. 548; Wight III. i. 138; Soiss. Fl. Orient, iii. 963. Pongatium 

 indicum, Lamh. III. ii. 444. Gaertnera Pangati, Retz Obs. vi. 24. Bapinia 

 herbacea, Lorn: Fl. Cochineh. (ed. Wilid.)i. 157. Sphenoclea, Qriff. Notul. iv. 

 276.— iJAeefZe HoH. Mai. xi. t. 24. 



Throughout India ; in swamps. — Disteib. In both hemispheres in warm regions. 



Stem 12-24 in. , Leaves 2-3 by 5-I in.> narrowed at both ends, sometimes shortly 

 petioled. FeduncleS'^^\ in.,;, spikes J-lJ.in., dense both in flower and fruit. Calyx- 

 lobea ^ in. ; in fruit somewhat enlarged, i in., triangular, closely ipflewd over the 

 disc. Corolla^ in., lobes short, valvate in bud (Griffith says imbricate). Frvit ^ in. 

 diam. Seeds minute, scabrous from microscopic papillae or scales. 



12. PKVTEViaA, lAnn. 



Perennial herbs. Eadical leaves petioled, cauUne alternate. Flowers capi- 

 tate, spicate, or (in aH the Indian species) panicled. Calyx-tvhe adhate, ob- 

 conic; limb 5-partite. Corolla rotate, Wobed nearly to the base, segments 5 

 narrow. Stamens free from the corolla, filaments widely dilated at the base ; 

 anthers free. Ovary 2-celled (in the Indian species) ; ovules very many in each 

 cell. St7/le cyliijdric; stigma 2-fid. Capsule dehiscing by small valves on the 

 sides. Seeds minute, ellipsoid. — Species 50, Europe, N. Africa and Temp. 

 Asia. 



The Indian species belongs to the sub-gemis Podani/ms, Gr. Don, referred by 

 Boissier on account of the lax inflorescence to Campanula : retained by Bentham in 

 Fhyteuma on account of the shape of the corolla. 



P. Thomson!, Clarke ; nearly glabrous, erect, cauline leaves petioled 

 ovate-lanceolate, flowers numerous laxly panicled, corolla segments linear- 

 oblong, ovary 2-celled, stigma 2-lobed. Campanula Thomsoni, H.f. ^ T. in 

 Journ. lAnn. Sac. ii. 25. Symphyandra stylosa, Royle III. 253. 



Noeth-'West Himalaya ; alt. 6-8000 ft., Thomson. Kashmie, Ja-cquemonf, Hen- 

 derson, Aitchieson. 



Root long, woody. Stems J-4 ft. Cauline leaves 3 by IJ in., obscurely crenate; 

 lower leaves suborbicular, petioled. Panicle -wiih many branches 6-12 in., naked, 

 weak, flowering at the tops ; sometimes reduced to a simple terminal cluster. Pedicels 

 ^-1- in. Calyx-teeth a in., subulate. Corolla-lobes i-i by Jg-i in., blue. Filaments 

 very short, pubescent, connivent ; anthers large, oblong, at first forming a cylinder 

 round the style, but quite free. Fniit unknown.— The deeplypartite corolla and 

 2-celled ovary refer this plant to Phyteuma, though the lax inflorescence is campanula- 

 like. ^ 



13. CAniFA.NVXiA, Idnn. 



Perennial or annual herbs, erect or decumbent. Leaves alternate, or the 

 radical subrosulate, from ovate to linear. Flowers peduncled or subsessile, 

 axillary or terminal, panicled spicate or subcapitate, purple or white. JCah/x- 

 tuhe adnate to the ovary, turbinate ; linab deeply 5-lobed, persistent. Corolla 

 campanulate, 6-fid (in C.fulgens 5-partite). Stamens 5, free, filaments dilated 

 at the base ; anthers free. , Ovary inferior, 3- (rarely 4-5-) celled ; ovules very 



