42 



are numerous in the thekes. A small genus of temperate and south- 

 ern regions. 



Genus 70. Staueothele Norm. Apoth. immersed in thalline 

 warts ; perithecium blackening ; amphithecium pale ; paraphyses ob- 

 solete. Spores muriform, brown or decolorate. Th. somewhat 

 lobulate, or uniform. A small genus of rock lichens. 



Subfam. 2. Trypetheliei. Many apoth. collected in a verru- 

 cseform stroma. 



Genus 71. Trypethelium Spreng., Ach., Nyl. Apoth. one to 

 several, immersed in a stroma ; perithecium reduced, blackening ; 

 amphithecium black; paraphyses distinct. Spores 4-pluriloc., or 

 muriform, brown or decolorate. Thallus uniform, mostly obscure. 

 A rather small genus of mostly tropical lichens. One sp. occurs in 

 N. E. 



Subfam. 3. Pyrenulei. Apoth. solitary, or now confluent; 

 perithecium black. The spp. of this subfam., except Strigula, are 

 included by Nyl. under Verrucaria. 



Genus 72. Sagedia (Mass., Kbr.) Tuck. Apoth. innate-super- 

 ficial ; perithecium black ; amphithecium pale or blackening ; para- 

 physes distinct or now obsolete. Spores from cymbiform (boat- 

 shaped), fusiform, at length acicular, 4-plurilocular, colorless. Th. 

 uniform, or disappearing. A small genus of bark and rock lichens. 



Genus 73. Verrucaria Pers., Tuck. Apoth. innate; peritheci- 

 um black ; amphithecium pale or blackening ; paraphyses slender, 

 and mostly indistinct or obsolete. Spores simple, or 2-4 loc, or 

 muriform, decolorate. Th. uniform, somewhat tartareous, rarely 

 areolate-squamaceous. A large genus of rock lichens. The lime- 

 stone formations of Europe yield many peculiar spp., but those of 

 this country have been very imperfectly explored. The spp. with 

 simple spores constitute § Euverrucaria ; with 2-4 loc. spores § The- 

 lidium ; with muriform spores § Polyblastia, &c. 



Genus 74. Pyrenula (Ach., Naeg. & Hepp) Tuck. Apoth. 

 somewhat prominent ; perithecium black ; amphithecium pale or 

 blackening ; paraphyses distinct or now obsolete. Spores 2-4-plu- 

 rilocular, or muriform, brown or decolorate. Thallus mostly ob- 

 scure. A large genus of bark lichens, in the tropics often on leaves, 

 or now parasitic. The gonidia are often those of the Sclerolichens. 



Genus 75. Pyrenastrum Eschw. Apoth. rather prominent, tur- 

 binate, several oftener confluent above into a common ostiole ; peri- 



