OUTFIT FOR. _EXTRACTED-HONEY PRODUCTION.—Chapter III, 
A bee-escape board, and used generally as an 
inner cover. 
ing also); and in the cold 
North, by’ packing on all 
sides, the single-walled hive 
-can be made safe for winter- 
ing. The advantage of the 
single-walled hive is its com- 
parative cheapness and light- 
ness, but it should not be de- 
pended upon for wintering 
without some additional pro- 
tection in the North. ; 
One or several complete ex- 
tra hives, with supers, should 
be provided to take care of 
swarms and thus increase the 
size of the apiary, if increase 
is desired. It should be noted 
that hives and supers can be 
bought either already nailed and painted (NP), or in the flat “knocked 
down (KD)” and unpainted. Unless the beginner is handy with tools he 
had better go to the little additional expense of buying his first hive 
nailed and painted all ready for use. 
A plain division-board should be purchased with each hive, for it 
may become necessary at any 
time to contract the bees’ 
living-space in the interior 
of the hive. The division- 
board is of the same shape 
as the frame, but may be so 
made that it will shut out 
the bees from the unoccu- 
pied part of a hive when 
some of the frames have 
been removed on account of 
the smallness of a colony. 
The Porter bee-escape, which is placed in the 
bee-escape board and traps the bees out of the 
supers. 
Within the hive, filling the frames, are the wax combs filled with 
brood and food stores of the bees. 
Man has succeeded in controlling the 
manner in which the cells of the combs are erected, their size, and their 
a 
Loose-hanging division-board. It can’ be made 
tight-fitting by tacking a piece of oilcloth around 
the edges. | 
15. 
arrangement. By placing in 
frames thin sheets of bees- 
wax which are embossed 
with the figure of the bases 
of the worker-cells, the 
bees can be made to build 
comb from which workers 
alone can be reared. These 
embossed sheets are known 
as comb foundation, which 
in modern apiculture is an 
indispensable article. It is 
