OUTFIT FOR EXTRACTED-HONEY PRODUCTION.—Chapter III. 
used either in narrow stri 
(rarely) called “foundation- 
starters,” or (usually) in (full 
sheets. The full sheets a 
preferable, because they in- 
duce the bees to build , 
nearly perfect combs 
worker-cells, saving them 
and consumption of honey 
comb-making. Comb built 
sa Jj A full-depth frame with full sheet of foun- 
from Starters only is liable to dation; in front of this, a comb-honey section 
contain a large number of with full sheet of foundation. 
drone-cells. Practically all 
the combs today are built on comb foundation. This foundation contains 
more wax in the initial cells than does natural comb in its initial cells; but 
this surplus wax is used by the bees in drawing out the comb. 
The covers of the hive consist of a thin, flat inner cover and a large 
metal-covered telescoping outer cover. The inner cover, as before told, is 
often only a bee-eseape board, with a small piece of wood tacked over the 
opening for the bee-escape. 
As a final word about hives, let us emphatically advise the beginner to 
have only one style and one size of hive, with all parts of as many hives 
as he may have interchangeable. All frames of brood or honey, all supers, 
covers, floors or sections should fit each and every one of his hives. With 
such interchangeable equipment he will save himself much time and untold 
annoyance. 
Assuming, then, that the beginner expects to produce extracted honey, 
he will have as his hive equipment. one double-walled ten-frame hive with 
its floor and stand, queen-excluder, bee-eseape board, division-board, chaff 
tray, inside and outside covers, two or three supers, and wired frames con- 
taining sheets of comb foundation sufficient in number to fill the brood- 
chamber and the two or three supers. 
Comb built by the bees without foundation. Tt is irregular and contains many drone-cells, 
16 
