262 



APPLICATION OF PRINCIPLES. 



high road, long excited the astonishment of passers- 

 by ; and it has now been generally applied to other 

 cases. What are called Balloon Apples and Pears, 

 formed by forcing downwards all the branches of 

 standard trees till the points touch the earth, are an 

 instance of this ; and they have the merit of produc- 

 ing large crops of fruit in a very small compass : their 

 upper parts are, however, too much exposed to ra- 

 diation at night, and the crop from that part of the 

 branches is apt to be cut off. One of the prettiest 

 applications of this principle is that of Mr. Charles 

 Lawrence, described in the Gardener's Magazine, viii. 



