XXVlll SYNOPSIS OF NATURAL ORDERS. 



64. Mceagnece, p. 387. Leaves lepidote, entire, alternate, without stipules. 

 Ovule erect, solitary. Fruit indehiscent, 1-seeded, enclosed within the succu- 

 lent persistent hase of the perianth. 



[Proieacece. Leaves usually alternate, coriaceous, persistent ; no stipules. 

 Flowers usually bisexual, massed together in heads, spikes, or panicles, with 

 imbricate bracts, and often with a general involucre. Perianth of 4, more or 

 less connate, coriaceous leaves. Ovary free, 1-celled. Seeds without albumen. 

 —Helida rohusta, Wall. ; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t..301.] 



65. LoranthacecB, p. 391. Parasitic. Leaves coriaceous, entire, usually op- 

 posite, often wanting. Ovary inferior, with a solitary erect ovule. 



66. Santalacece, p. 398. Leaves alternate or opposite, entire, without sti- 

 pules. Flowers regular, 3-4-merous, 3-4-androus ; stamens opposite to lobes of 

 perianth. Ovary inferior, 1-celled. Fruit 1-seeded. Seed albuminous. 



67. Urticacece, p. 400. Leaves stipulate, alternate, rarely opposite. Flowers 

 unisexual. Perianth generally 3-5-lobed. Ovary free, 1- rarely 2-celled. Fruit 



^■H -seeded, many often united in one syncarpium. 

 '^ 68. Plataneae, p. 434. Leaves alternate, palmatifid ; stipules caducous. 

 Flowers unisexual without perianth, intermingled with scaly bracteoles, col- 

 lected in globose pendulous heads. 



[CasuarineoB. Branches whorled, articulate. Leaves reduced to many- 

 toothed sheaths at the nodes. Flowers monoicous or dioicous. Male flowers 

 in catkins, monandrous, with 4 connate bracts, in the axils of sheaths. Female 

 flowers in bracteate heads, without perianth. Fruit a globose head of woody 

 bracts and bracteoles, each pair of bracts including a 1-seeded caryopsis. — 

 OasuariTia equisetifolia, Forst., p. 435. 



69. JSuphorbiacecB, p. 436. Leaves alternate or opposite, usually stipulate. 

 Flowers unisexual. Perianth various, sometimes a calyx and corolla, or want- 

 ing. Ovary free, generally 3-celled. Fruit 3-seeded, often 3-lobed. Seeds 

 oily ; cotyledons flat, in a fleshy albumen. 



70. Betulacece, p. 457. _ Leaves alternate, simple, penniveined ; stipules de- 

 ciduous. Flowers monoicous in drooping catkins. Ovary free, compressed, 

 2-ceIled. Fruit 1-seeded. 



71. Salicinea;, p. 461. Wood soft and light. Leaves alternate, simple, sti- 

 pulate. Flowers dioicous in lateral catkins. Ovary free, 1 -celled. Seeds 

 numerous, minute, enclosed in long silky hair. 



72. Cupiiliferce, p. 477. Leaves alternate, simple ; stipules deciduous. 

 Flowers monoicous. Ovary inferior, generally 2-3-cened. Albumen none ; * 

 cotyledons thick, fleshy. ^ 



73. Myricaceoe, p. 495. Leaves alternate, often aromatic, without stipules. 

 Flowers unisexual, in catkins or spikes. Ovary free. Fruit a 1-seeded nut, 

 clothed with fleshy or waxy pericarp. Albumen none ; cotyledons fleshy. 



74. Juglandece, p. 496. Leaves alternate, pinnate, often aromatic, vidthout 

 stipules. Flowers monoicous, the male in catkins, the female soUtary. Ovary 

 inferior, l-ceUed. Seed 1, oily, without albumen. 



Second Sub-Class. GTMNOSPERM.aE. 



The wood, excepting that of the first year, which encloses the pith, 

 copsists of wood-cells and medullary rays, and has usually no vessels. 

 Flowers unisexual, without calyx, corolla, or perianth. Ovules (not en- 

 closed in an ovary) fertilised by direct contact with the pollen. Em- 

 bryo in copious albumen, often with more than 2 whorled cotyledons. 



